Table 3.
Baseline demographics of the recruited haemodialysis patients
| Variable | Total patients (269) |
COVID-19 rRT-PCR positive (32) | COVID-19 rRT-PCR negative (237) |
p-value positive vs negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61 (50–73) | 62 (54–75) | 60 (50–73) | 0.663 |
| Gender, male | 177 (65.7%) | 22 (68.7%) | 150 (63.3%) | 0.546 |
| Ethnicity, Caucasian | 196 (72.8%) | 25 (78%) | 171 (72.2%) | 0.476 |
| BAME | 73 (27.2%) | 7 (22%) | 66 (27.8%) | |
| Smoking history | 32 (11.9%) | 8 (25%) | 24 (10.1%) | 0.344 |
| Weight, Kg | 76 (64–89.5) | 81.5 (63–95) | 75 (65–89) | 0.405 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 27 (23–31) | 26.5 (22.5–32) | 27 (24–31) | 0.939 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 97 (36.1%) | 9 (28.1%) | 88 (37.1%) | 0.319 |
| CVD | 60 (22.3%) | 8 (25%) | 52 (21.9%) | 0.696 |
| RASi | 93 (34.6%) | 9 (28.1%) | 84 (35.4%) | 0.414 |
| Frail (CFS>/=5), n = 189 | 73/189 (38.6%) | 18/28 (64.3%) | 55/161 (34.1%) | 0.003 |
| Dialysis vintage, months | 26 (11–64) | 42 (14–71) | 25 (10–61) | 0.658 |
| Dialysis access, AVF | 167 (62.1%) | 21 (65.5%) | 146 (61.6%) | 0.701 |
| URR, % | 72 (65–78) | 69 (66–77) | 73 (67–78) | 0.162 |
| Albumin, g/L, n = 262 | 37 (34–40) | 38 (34–40) | 37 (34–40) | 0.873 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL, n = 262 | 367 (208–652) | 364 (239–706) | 368 (208–647) | 0.761 |
| TSats, %, n = 262 | 24 (16–34) | 27 (17–36) | 24 (16–34) | 0.418 |
| Vitamin D level, nmol/L, n = 211 | 43 (28–55) | 42 (24–53) | 37 (30–71) | 0.613 |
| Haemoglobin, g/L, n = 214 | 107 (96–117) | 103 (86–120) | 107 (96–117) | 0.616 |
| WCC, ×109/L, n = 214 | 7 (5–8) | 6.6 (4–9) | 7 (5–8) | 0.925 |
|
Lymphocytes, ×109/L, n = 214 |
1.1 (0.7–1.45) | 0.75 (0.5–1.2) | 1.10 (0.8–1.5) | 0.005 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L, n = 214 | 204 (157–256) | 189 (117–262) | 207 (158–254) | 0.286 |
| Outcomes on follow-up | ||||
| Follow up, months | 7.6 (6.9–8.1) | 8.7 (8.1–8.9) | 7.2 (6.8–8) | < 0.001 |
| COVID-19 associated hospital admission | 28 (10.4%) | 25 (78.1%) | 3 (1.26%) | < 0.001 |
| ICU admission | 3 | 3 | 0 | – |
| Deaths | 18 (6.7%) | 6 (18.7%) | 12 (5.9%) | 0.003 |
Categorical variables are expressed as number (%), and the p-value was derived using the Chi-square test. Continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range) and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to calculate the p-value
BAME black Asian minority ethnicity, BMI body mass index, CVD cardiovascular disease, RASi renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, CFS clinical frailty score, AVF arterio-venous fistula, URR urea reduction ratio, WCC white cell count, TStats transferrin saturations, ICU intensive care unit