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. 2019 Jun 13;34(1):100–114. doi: 10.1038/s41375-019-0507-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — MYD88-mutated CLL cases harbor an inflammatory phenotype. a TLR gene expression profile in CLL cells comparing MYD88-mutated (n = 18 IGHV-mutated) and MYD88-unmutated cases (n = 249 IGHV-mutated and n = 143 IGHV-unmutated). b Gene set enrichment analysis comparing MYD88-mutated (n = 18) versus MYD88-unmutated (n = 249) CLL cases (all IGHV-mutated). c Left panel: Cytokine transcript levels of MYD88-mutated (n = 18) and MYD88-unmutated CLL cases (n = 249 IGHV-mutated CLL samples) analyzed by gene expression profile. Right panel: Cytokine secretion of CLL cells from MYD88-mutated (n = 6) and MYD88-unmutated (n = 9) cases (all IGHV-mutated) was analyzed after 48 h of culture by flow cytometry using Luminex® Bead Panel. Bars represent the mean ± SEM of all samples analyzed. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. Gene sets with false discovery rate (FDR) q value < 0.05 and a normalized enrichment score (NES) ≥ 1.5 were considered to be significantly enriched in the mutated group. M mutated, UM unmutated