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. 2021 Feb 10;14(3):743–750. doi: 10.1038/s41385-021-00376-9

Fig. 4. Complement opsonization enhances HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells via complement receptor 3 and 4.

Fig. 4

a Mature LCs were exposed to HIV-1 (JRCSF) or serum-opsonized HIV-1 (JRCSF) harvested, extensively washed, and co-cultured with U87 cells. Transmission was determined by antibody staining against p24 and analyzed by flow cytometry. b, c Epidermal sheets were incubated with CR3 or CR4 antibody and subsequently exposed to HIV-1 (JRCSF or YU2B) or serum-opsonized HIV-1 (JRCSF) or semen-opsonized HIV-1 (YU2B) harvested, extensively washed, and co-cultured with U87 cells. Transmission was determined by antibody staining against p24 and analyzed by flow cytometry. Error bars are the mean ± SD of a n = 3 donors measured in monoplo, duplicate or triplicate, each dot represents one donor. ****p < 0.0001 by ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc test (multiple comparisons). b n = 3 donors measured in duplicate or triplicate, each dot represents one donor. ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 by ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc test (multiple comparisons). c n = 5 donors measured in duplicate, each dot represents one donor. ****p < 0.0001 by ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc test (multiple comparisons).