Table 4.

Working memory test performance predictions (odds ratio for making a mistake) based on sleep condition and time-of-day effects in the final mixed-effects model.

	Mistake
Fixed-effect predictors	Odds ratios	CI	p
(Intercept)	0.16	0.13–0.21	<0.001
Presentation order	1.04	1.02–1.06	<0.01
TSD condition at baseline (22:30)	0.98	0.72–1.35	0.92
Session 1 (08:00)	1.17	0.88–1.54	0.28
Session 2 (12:30)	1.05	0.80–1.39	0.72
Session 3 (16:30)	1.02	0.77–1.34	0.90
TSD	1.50	1.13–1.99	<0.01
TSD:Session 1 [TSD effect compared to session 3]	0.69	0.49–0.99	0.04
TSD:Session 2 [TSD effect compared to session 3]	0.73	0.51–1.03	0.08
Observations	6,121
Marginal R2	0.01

Note: CI, 95% confidence interval; TSD, total sleep deprivation; Marginal R² represents the variance explained by the fixed-effects predictors (Nakagawa et al., 2017). Presentation order represents the order a given trial was within the test. All rows representing categorical variables report the effect compared to a reference level. The reference level for session was the baseline session (22:30 h) therefore all other effect estimates for different levels of session compare to performance at 22:30 h. The reference level for TSD was the normal sleep group. For models including an interaction between TSD and session, the effect estimate for TSD refers to the effect of TSD on performance at Session 3. Interactions between TSD and session therefore refer to differences in the effect of TSD between the stated Session (i.e., 1 or 2) and Session 3.