Table 3.
Study characteristics of 11 limited detail studies
| Screening Tool; Author (Year) | CPSS; Ramanujam et al (2008)13 | CPSS; Frendl et al (2009)14 | OPSS; Chenkin et al (2009)31 | FAST; Huwez and Caswell (2011)22 | FAST; Sheppard et al (2013)23 | MedPACS vs CPSS; Studnek et al (2013)16 | ROSIER and FAST; Fothergill et al (2013)21 | CPSS and LAPSS; Asimos et al (2014)17 | FAST; Berglund et al 201430 | ROSIER vs CPSS; Mingfeng et al (2012)28 | C-STAT; McMullan et al (2018)19 |
| No of total stroke patients | 477 | 154 | 229 | 35 posterior stroke | 141 | MedPACS 123; CPSS 94 | ROSIER 27; FAST 21 | CPSS 663; LAPSS 805 | 233 | ROSIER 379 CPSS 383 | 158 |
| No of total false negative stroke patients | 247 (52) | 18 (2) | 27 (12) | 11 (31) | 35 (25) | MedPACS 48 (39); CPSS 39 (42) |
ROSIER 6 (22); FAST 6, (29) | CPSS 130 (20); LAPSS 209 (26) | 27 (12) | ROSIER 38 (10); CPSS 43 (11) | 22 (14) |
| Mean age | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Female (%) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Population | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA | Confirmed stroke | Confirmed stroke | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA in the ED | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA | Suspected stroke or TIA |
| Study Type | Observational study | Observational study | Observational study | Case note review | Case note review | Case note review | Observational study | Observational study | Observational study | Observational study | Observational study |
| Screening completed by | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | EMS | EMS (recorded data) | EMS (recorded data) | Emergency physician in the pre-hospital setting | EMS |
| Timing of data collection | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Prospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Prospective | Prospective |
| Data collection period | 12 months | NS | 12 months | NS | 9 months | 6 months | 14 months | 26 months | 6 months | 18 months | 6 months |
CPSS, Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale; C-STAT, Cincinnati Stroke Triage Assessment Tool; EMS, emergency medical service; FAST, Face Arm Speech Test; MedPACS, Medic Prehospital Assessment for Code Stroke; NS, not stated; OPSS, Ontario Prehospital Stroke Screening; ROSIER, Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room; ROSIER, Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.