TABLE 1.
Treatment delivery parameters. Treatment parameters of PBMT in Case 1 and Case 2 using two wavelengths of red‐light (RL) 630 nm and 660 nm simultaneously. In Case 2, blue‐light (BL)‐PBMT was additionally applied on psoriasis patch in the back. A Light‐Emitting‐Diodes (LED) device was used for treatment delivery in both patients (Triwings LLS®) emitting 8 wavelengths in the same treatment including Infrared (IR) with stable, measurable output power along the session. We can see that an important area of 1000 cm2 at 7 cm distance from skin was treated at each session resulting in a high Blood Cumulated absorbing volume (V) assisting patients’ oxygenation. In the two columns far right treatment delivery parameters of noncoherent LED are put into perspective with low‐level‐laser parameters successfully used on a COVID‐19 patient 9
| Light‐emitting diodes | Low‐level laser | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 | Case 2 | ||||
| Wavelength | 630 nm + 660 nm | 630 nm + 660 nm | 465 nm | 808 nm | 905 nm |
| Spectral shift nm | ±15 nm | ±15 nm | ±15 nm | ±2 nm | ±2 nm |
| Emitting angle ° | 45 | 45 | 45 | n/a | n/a |
| Distance from the skin | 7 cm | 7 cm | 7 cm | 20 cm | 20 cm |
| Emission mode | CW | CW | CW | Pulsed 1500 Hz | Pulsed 1500 Hz |
| Pulse duration | n/a | n/a | n/a | 330 µS | 100 nS |
| Peak power | n/a | n/a | n/a | 3 W | 75 W × 3 |
| Average power | – | – | – | 1.5 W | 34 mW |
| Treated area at the same time |
900 cm2 at led contact 1000 cm2 at 7 cm |
900 cm2 at led contact 1000 cm2 at 7 cm |
900 cm2 at led contact 1000 cm2 at 7 cm |
2 × 250 cm2 500 cm2 at 20 cm |
|
| Power density mW/cm2 at LED contact | 80 mW | 80 mW | 80 mW | – | – |
| Power density mW/cm2 at 7 cm skin distance | 55 mW | 55 mW | 55 mW | – | – |
| Power density mW/cm2 at 20 cm skin distance | – | – | – | 1.5 W/20 cm2 = 75 mW/cm2 | 34 mW/20 cm2 = 1.7 mW/cm2 |
| Time per session | 15 min = 900 sec | 15 min = 900 sec | 15 min = 900 sec | 2 × 14 min = 28 min | |
| Total fluence J/cm2 per session of 15 min | 0.055 × 900 = 50 J/cm2 | 0.055 × 900 = 50 J/cm2 | 0.055 × 900 = 50 J/cm2 | – | – |
| Total fluence J/cm2 per session of 2 × 14 min | – | – | – | 7.2 J/cm2 | 114 mJ |
| Total energy delivered per session | 50 kJ on 1000 cm2 | 50 kJ on 1000 cm2 | 50 kJ on 1000 cm2 | 3.6 kJ on 500 cm2 | |
| Number of sessions per week | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 per week | |
| Total number of sessions | 12 for resolution then 1/15 d for 9 months | 6 for resolution then 1/15 d for 6 months | 6 | 4 | |
| Mode of delivery of energy | 3 LED panels | 3 LED panels | 3 LED panels | Scanner | |
| V = Blood Cumulated absorbing volume on 1000 cm2 with total skin surface = 2 m2 per session, Blood flow 5 L/min | V = 1000 cm2/20 000 cm2 = 1/20 × 5 L/min × 15 min = V = 3.8 L | V = 1000 cm2/20 000 cm2 = 1/20 × 5 L/min × 15 min = V = 3.8 L | V = 1000 cm2/20 000 cm2 = 1/20 × 5 L/min × 15 min = V = 3.8 L | V = 500 cm2/20 000 cm2 = 1/40 × 5 L/min = V = 1.9 L | |
| HbO2 absorbance | Medium | Medium | Very strong | Medium | |
| Cytochrome oxidase a3 absorption | Strong | Strong | Medium | Low | |