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. 2021 Feb 9;8(2):71–80. doi: 10.1159/000513368

Table 1.

Baseline patient and hospital characteristics (significant p values are given in bold)

Patient characterstics Non-GI cancer Esophageal cancer p value Gastric cancer p value Hepatic cancer p value Cholangio-carcinoma p value Pancreatic cancer p value Colon cancer p value
Patients, n 34,365 39 74 1,612 75 927 497
Female, n (%) 15,883 (46.2) 10 (25.6) 0.005 39 (52.7) 0.54 409 (25.3) 0.001 38 (50.6) 0.63 617 (66.5) 0.001 205 (41.2) 0.02
Male, n (%) 18,482 (53.8) 29 (74.4) <0.01 35 (47.3) 0.26 1,203 (74.7) <0.01 37 (49.3) 0.44 310 (33.4) <0.01 292 (58.7) 0.02
Mean age, years 51.8 63.5 <0.001 76 <0.001 63.3 <0.001 59 0.004 63.6 <0.001 65.7 <0.001
Race, n (%)
 White 24,399 (71) 39 (100) 0.014 31 (42) 0.001 903 (56.1) <0.001 37 (49) 0.001 700 (75.6) 0.002 363 (73.7) 0.32
 Black 4,192 (12.2) 0 0.011 16 (21.5) 0.015 256 (15.8) <0.001 10 (14.4) 0.764 6 (0.6) 0.001 3 (0.5) <0.000
 Hispanic 3,642 (10.6) 0 0.031 26 (35) <0.001 25 (1.5) <0.001 11 (14.4) 0.252 81 (8.8) 0.068 43 (8.7) 0.161
 Other 2,130 (6.2) 0 0.17 0 0.014 200 (16.4) <0.001 22 (29) <0.001 79 (8.4) 0.004 62 (12.7) <0.001
Mean Charlson comorbidity index 2.3 6.7 <0.001 5.6 <0.001 5.7 <0.001 5.1 <0.001 6.2 <0.001 5.5 <0.001
Insurance provider, n (%)
 Medicare 10,996 (32) 8 (19.1) 0.124 37 (50) <0.001 767 (47.2) <0.001 29 (38.6) 0.216 458 (49.5) <0.001 193 (38.9) 0.002
 Medicaid 5,876 (17.1) 4 (10.2) 0.391 4 (5.9) 0.004 350 (21.7) <0.001 14 (18.7) 0.718 96 (10.3) <0.001 76 (15.3) 0.377
 Private 15,258 (44.4) 28 (70.9) <0.001 28 (37.4) 0.256 425 (26.4) <0.001 27 (36.1) 350 (37.8) 210 (42.3)
 Uninsured 2,233 (6.5) 0 0.812 5 (6.8) 73 (4.7) 8 (6.2) 22 (2.3) 17 (3.5)
Hospital characteristics, n (%)
 Teaching hospital 23,813 (69.5) 34 (87.1) 0.001 65 (81.5) <0.001 1,508 (79.2) <0.001 64 (80.2) <0.001 785 (72.2) <0.001 310 (62.4) <0.001
 Non-teaching hospital 10,552 (30.7) 5 (12.8) 0.2 4 (17.8) <0.01 108 (20.8) <0.01 11 (14.6) <0.01 142 (15.3) <0.01 177 (36.3) <0.01
Hospital size, n (%)
 Small 4,192 (12.2) 4 (10.3) 1 0 0.032 279 (17.5) <0.001 4 (5.2) 0.079 111 (12) 0.836 46 (9.2) 0.047
 Medium 8,385 (24.4) 0 0 33 (44.5) 0.001 340 (21.1) 0.002 9 (12.1) 0.015 239 (23.7) 0.33 129 (26) 0.423
 Large 21,787 (63.4) 35 (89) 0.005 41 (55.5) 0.118 991 (61.4) 0.117 62 (82.6) 0.009 594 (64.1) 0.672 321 (64.3) 0.585
Hospital location, n (%)
 Urban location 26,907 (78.3) 39 (100) <0.001 73 (98.6) <0.001 1,557 (96.6) <0.001 72 (96.1) <0.001 875 (94.4) <0.001 451 (90.8) <0.001
 Rural location 7,458 (21.7) 0 <0.001 1 (1.3) <0.001 55 (3.4) <0.001 3 (3.8) <0.001 52 (5.6) <0.001 46 (8.1) <0.001