Table 1.
Characteristics of the COVID-19 positive cohort taking NSAIDs and the control cohort, before and after propensity matching. SMD: standardized mean difference between NSAID and control cohorts.
| Before Propensity Matching | After Propensity Matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treated | Control | SMD | Control | SMD | |
| Age | 47.4 | 53.7 | −0.33 | 47.1 | 0.01 |
| Race | |||||
| - Asian | 3.1% | 3.7% | −0.03 | 3.1% | 0.00 |
| - Black or African American | 21.6% | 20.9% | 0.02 | 22.3% | −0.02 |
| - Missing/Unknown | 25.1% | 23.3% | 0.04 | 24.8% | 0.01 |
| - Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0.2% | 0.3% | −0.01 | 0.2% | 0.00 |
| - Other | 0.9% | 0.9% | −0.01 | 0.8% | 0.01 |
| - White | 49.1% | 50.9% | −0.04 | 48.9% | 0.00 |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| - Hispanic or Latino | 24.8% | 22.0% | 0.06 | 23.8% | 0.02 |
| - Missing/Unknown | 5.4% | 8.4% | −0.13 | 5.4% | 0.00 |
| - Not Hispanic or Latino | 69.8% | 69.6% | 0.00 | 70.8% | −0.02 |
| Gender | |||||
| - Female | 59.7% | 50.1% | 0.20 | 59.1% | 0.01 |
| - Male | 40.3% | 49.8% | −0.20 | 40.9% | −0.01 |
| - Other | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.01 | 0.0% | 0.00 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| - Current or Former | 39.8% | 29.9% | 0.20 | 36.7% | 0.06 |
| - Non smoker | 60.2% | 70.1% | −0.20 | 63.3% | −0.06 |
| BMI | 3133.0% | 2974.2% | 0.18 | 3102.3% | 0.03 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 98.1% | 143.5% | −0.23 | 96.3% | 0.01 |
| Alcoholic liver damage | 0.6% | 1.0% | −0.05 | 0.6% | 0.00 |
| Chronic hepatitis | 1.0% | 1.1% | −0.01 | 0.9% | 0.01 |
| Diabetes type 2 | 16.7% | 18.0% | −0.03 | 16.1% | 0.02 |
| Hepatic failure | 0.5% | 1.2% | −0.11 | 0.5% | 0.00 |
| Hypertension | 30.8% | 31.3% | −0.01 | 29.9% | 0.02 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 4.9% | 7.0% | −0.10 | 4.9% | 0.00 |
| Lupus | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.02 | 0.7% | 0.00 |
| Malignant neoplasm (lymphoid hematopoietic related tissue) | 2.0% | 2.0% | 0.00 | 2.0% | 0.00 |
| Neoplasm | 19.4% | 17.2% | 0.06 | 19.2% | 0.00 |
| Nonischemic heart disease | 20.5% | 24.4% | −0.10 | 20.4% | 0.00 |
| Vascular dementia | 0.4% | 0.8% | −0.07 | 0.3% | 0.00 |
| Alzheimer’s disease | 0.4% | 1.0% | −0.09 | 0.4% | 0.01 |
| Cerebral infarction | 1.7% | 2.9% | −0.10 | 1.6% | 0.01 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 13.1% | 13.2% | 0.00 | 12.8% | 0.01 |
| Dementia associated with another disease | 1.0% | 1.5% | −0.05 | 0.9% | 0.01 |
| Diabetes type 1 | 1.4% | 1.5% | −0.01 | 1.4% | 0.00 |
| Hepatic fibrosis | 1.2% | 2.2% | −0.09 | 1.2% | 0.00 |
| Hepatic steatosis | 4.3% | 3.2% | 0.06 | 4.0% | 0.02 |
| Hypertensive kidney disease | 3.1% | 6.3% | −0.19 | 3.1% | 0.00 |
| Nicotine dependence | 9.8% | 8.9% | 0.03 | 9.6% | 0.01 |
| Nonhypertensive chronic kidney disease | 5.5% | 11.2% | −0.25 | 5.4% | 0.00 |
| Other liver disease | 5.2% | 5.4% | −0.01 | 4.8% | 0.02 |
| Portal hypertension | 0.5% | 1.2% | −0.10 | 0.5% | 0.00 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 1.9% | 1.3% | 0.04 | 1.8% | 0.01 |
| Unspecified dementia | 1.2% | 2.7% | −0.14 | 1.1% | 0.01 |
| Psoriasis | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.01 | 0.9% | 0.00 |