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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 27.
Published in final edited form as: Phytochem Rev. 2019 Sep 19;18(6):1509–1527. doi: 10.1007/s11101-019-09645-9

Table 3.

Artemisinin and total flavonoid content of clonal crops of A. annua

Lab versus field/garden cultivation Harvest date Artemisinin (mg/g DW) Total flavonoidsa (mg/g DW)
Lab 2011 4/2011 14.55 5.75
Lab May 2011 5/2011 11.92 3.72
Lab December 2011 12/2011 8.71 3.05
Lab February 2012 2/2012 13.91 5.34
Lab March 2012 3/2012 14.79 4.35
Field 2012 7/2012 13.96 4.17
Garden 2012 9/2012 11.96 4.16
Lab 2012 12/2012 15.78 5.44
Lab 2013 1/2013 14.19 5.89
Lab July 2013 7/2013 15.13 4.82
Field 2013 9/2013 11.23 3.02
Garden 2013 9/2013 13.70 4.82
Lab 2014 6/2014 9.44 3.59
Garden 2015 9/2015 8.33 5.24
Garden 2016 9/2016 10.80 na
Garden 2017 9/2017 15.12 5.34
Garden 2018 9/2018 13.46 5.39
Average over 7 years 12.76 ± 2.28 4.63 ± 0.90

na not available

a

Quercetin equivalents