Table 2.
Complication Rate and Outcomes Among the Study Population
| Hospital Complications | |
|---|---|
| n (%) | |
| Pre-ECMO thrombosis | 5 (14.3) |
| Cardiomyopathy | 4 (11.4) |
| Renal failure | 18 (51.4) |
| Infection | 22 (62.8) |
| Other | 6 (17.1) |
| ECMO complications | |
| Thrombosis | 7 (20.0) |
| Bleeding | 4 (11.4) |
| Cannula reposition | 15 (42.9) |
| Cannula site complication | 6 (17.1) |
| Circuit change | 8 (22.9) |
| Tracheostomy | |
| Patients discharged with tracheostomy | 16 (45.7) |
| On ventilator at discharge | 4 (11.4) |
| Supplemental oxygen | 12 (34.2) |
| Survival | |
| Decannulation | 26 (74.3) |
| Discharge | 26 (74.3) |
| 60 days | 26 (74.3) |
Thrombosis included deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and stroke. Given the inability to distinguish between the infection and the ECMO circuit as the etiology, thrombosis was divided between pre-ECMO cannulation and post-ECMO cannulations. Cannula site complications included hematomas and seromas. Long-term outcomes including need for tracheostomy placement and survival to ECMO decannulation, discharge, and 60 days were evaluated.
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.