Table 3.
Results of the Structural change and maximum breakpoint analysis by lags for each air and climate factors.
| Parameter | Lag1 | Lag2 | Lag3 | Lag4 | Lag5 | Lag6 | Lag7 | Lag8 | Lag9 | Lag10 | Lag11 | Lag12 | Lag13 | Lag14 | Lag15 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM10 (μg/m3) | – | 20–30 | 20–30 | – | 30–40 | 30–40 | 30–40 | 30–40 | 20–30 | 40–50 | 20–30 | 20–30 | – | – | 30–40 |
| B | – | −7.724 | −9.205* | – | −9.08* | −11,394§ | −10.275* | −12.514§ | −33.156 | −12.867* | −17.452* | −8.43 | – | – | 8.122 |
| R2 | – | 0.440 | 0.620 | – | 0.566 | 0.883 | 0.596 | 0.901 | 0.354 | 0.549 | 0.536 | 0.322 | – | – | 0.437 |
| PM2.5 (μg/m3) | 25–29 | 30–34 | 25–29 | 20–24 | 25–29 | 20–24 | 25–29 | 25–29 | – | – | – | – | – | 35–39 | 25–29 |
| B | −8.807^ | −9.564* | −10.714§ | −11.277§ | −10.616^ | −10.358^ | −8.779^ | −12.843§ | – | – | – | – | – | 9.093^ | 11.053^ |
| R2 | 0.615 | 0.493 | 0.852 | 0.765 | 0.739 | 0.611 | 0.655 | 0.895 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.264 | 0.661 |
| NO2 (μg/m3) | 20–24 | – | – | – | 30-34. | – | 20–24 | 20–24 | 20–24 | – | 25–29 | 20–24 | – | – | – |
| B | 2.355 | – | – | – | −5.276 | – | −11.477* | −68.264 | −13.184 | – | −14.082^ | −15.681* | – | – | – |
| R2 | 0.069 | – | – | – | 0.322 | – | 0.509 | 0.346 | 0.443 | – | 0.868 | 0.586 | – | – | – |
| SO2 (μg/m3) | 2.5–3.0 | 4–4.5 | – | 1.5–2.0 | 2–2.5 | 2.5–3.0 | 2–2.5 | 1.5–2.0 | 2–2.5 | 1.5–2.0 | 1.5–2.0 | 1.5–2.0 | 1.5–2.0 | 3.5–4.0 | 1.5–2.0 |
| B | −16.282^ | −0.662 | – | −23.863§ | −20.355§ | −22.142^ | −18.871§ | −30.509^ | −21.209^ | −50.681^ | −33.977^ | −25.013* | −12.421* | 3.993 | −9.306 |
| R2 | 0.634 | 0.002 | – | 0.802 | 0.757 | 0.688 | 0.847 | 0.682 | 0.663 | 0.609 | 0.607 | 0.369 | 0.387 | 0.224 | 0.167 |
| Ozone (μg/m3) | – | 30–34 | 35–39 | – | 25–29 | – | – | – | – | 40–44 | – | 40–44 | 40–44 | 40–44 | 40–44 |
| B | – | 0.447 | −6.055* | – | −2.731 | – | – | – | – | 14.852* | – | 28.166 | −2.84 | −1.21 | 0.629 |
| R2 | – | 0.003 | 0.447 | – | 0.072 | – | – | – | – | 0.522 | – | 0.403 | 0.065 | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Temperature (°C) | 4–5 | 7–8 | 5–6 | 4–5 | 5–6 | 5–6 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4–5 | 5–6 | 4–5 | – | – | 7–8 |
| B | −8.839* | −6.728 | −19.267^ | −26.004* | −17.477* | −16.824 | −23.946^ | −18.994§ | −21.494§ | −19.672^ | −6.879 | 0.164 | – | – | 6.6 |
| R2 | 0.599 | 0.3 | 0.71 | 0.769 | 0.541 | 0.431 | 0.708 | 0.839 | 0.875 | 0.671 | 0.167 | 0 | – | – | 0.431 |
| RH % | 45–49 | 55–59 | – | – | 75–79 | – | 75–79 | 45–49 | 45–49 | 45–49 | 45–49 | 50–54 | 65–69 | 65–69 | 60–64 |
| B | −6.705 | −4.227 | – | – | 11.259* | – | 10.604* | −3.756 | −7.214 | −16.837* | −14.101^ | 0.422 | 1.667 | 5.07 | −2.245 |
| R2 | 0.049 | 0.132 | – | – | 0.446 | – | 0.494 | 0.051 | 0.163 | 0.431 | 0.529 | 0.002 | 0.027 | 0.106 | 0.031 |
| Wind velocity (m/sec) | 1.5–2 | 1–1.5 | 1.5–2 | 2–2.5 | – | 2.5–3 | 2–2.5 | – | 2.5–3 | 2–2.5 | – | 2.5–3 | – | 2–2.5 | 2–2.5 |
| B | −1.269 | 1.608 | −1.922 | 4.744 | – | 4.713 | 6.278* | – | −1.892 | 18.146^ | – | 27.261§ | – | −9.78* | −11.173* |
| R2 | 0.014 | 0.043 | 0.046 | 0.219 | – | 0.147 | 0.456 | – | 0.039 | 0.744 | – | 0.933 | – | 0.489 | 0.564 |
*p < 0.05; ^p < 0.01; §p < 0.001.