Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample.
| Characteristic | Category | N | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total participants | 29,086 | ||
| Sex | Female | 16,114 | 55.4 |
| Age | Mean (SD) | 17.8 (1.3) | |
| Migration background | Danish | 26,379 | 90.7 |
| Immigrant | 696 | 2.4 | |
| Descendent of immigrant | 2,011 | 6.9 | |
| Parents' highest achieved education | Primary school | 1,059 | 3.6 |
| High school | 749 | 2.6 | |
| Vocational training | 8,608 | 29.6 | |
| Higher education 1–2 years | 2,156 | 7.4 | |
| Higher education 3–4 years | 8,783 | 30.2 | |
| Higher education >4 years | 7,513 | 25.8 | |
| Missinga | 218 | 0.8 | |
| Parents' employment status | Both employed | 22,494 | 77.3 |
| Both unemployed | 1,068 | 3.7 | |
| One unemployed and one employed | 4,485 | 15.4 | |
| Missinga | 1,039 | 3.6 | |
| Household income | Lowest quartile | 7,271 | 25.0 |
| Second lowest quartile | 7,272 | 25.0 | |
| Second highest quartile | 7,271 | 25.0 | |
| Highest quartile | 7,272 | 25.0 | |
| Respondent education type | General high school (STX) | 20,287 | 69.8 |
| Preparatory high school (HF) | 2,113 | 7.3 | |
| Commercial high school (HHX) | 4,027 | 13.9 | |
| Technical high school (HTX) | 2,659 | 9.1 | |
| Social disconnectedness at school | Not socially disconnected | 19,334 | 72.5 |
| 1 type of disconnectedness | 5,006 | 18.8 | |
| 2 types of disconnectedness | 1,601 | 6.0 | |
| 3 types of disconnectedness | 586 | 2.2 | |
| 4 types of disconnectedness | 158 | 0.6 | |
| Feelings of loneliness | No | 14,598 | 51.0 |
| Yes, sometimes | 11,512 | 40.2 | |
| Yes, often | 1,840 | 6.4 | |
| Yes, very often | 655 | 2.3 | |
| Mental well-being (range 6-30) | Mean (SD) | 22.1 (3.7) | |
| Depression symptoms (range 0-6) | Mean (SD) | 1.71 (1.5) | |
| Anxiety symptoms (range 0-6) | Mean (SD) | 1.51 (1.6) | |
| Stress | Never/almost never | 5,317 | 18.6 |
| Monthly | 9,955 | 34.8 | |
| Weekly | 9,868 | 34.5 | |
| Daily | 3,497 | 12.2 | |
| Sleep problems | Seldom or never | 9,964 | 36.6 |
| Almost every month | 6,285 | 23.1 | |
| Almost every week | 3,894 | 14.3 | |
| More than once per week | 4,008 | 14.7 | |
| Almost every day | 3,078 | 11.3 | |
| Suicidal ideation | 5,223 | 19.8 | |
| Non-suicidal self-injury | 2,183 | 8.3 | |
| Eating disorder | 783 | 3.1 | |
| Body dissatisfaction (range 1-10) | Mean (SD) | 4.39 (2.0) | |
| Self-esteem (“I am good enough the way I am”) | Completely agree | 7,360 | 25.7 |
| Agree | 12,467 | 43.6 | |
| Neither agree nor disagree | 6,069 | 21.2 | |
| Disagree | 2,178 | 7.6 | |
| Completely disagree | 532 | 1.9 |
Data in column N are the number of individuals in the sample unless otherwise specified (when mean and standard deviations are reported instead). SD = Standard deviation.
a
“Missing” categories were created for the covariates in order to avoid losing data when entering them in the regression models. For information on missing data for variables other than the covariates, see Supplementary Material.