Summary of findings for the main comparison. Post‐treatment exercise compared to no intervention for preventing recurrences of low‐back pain.
| Post‐treatment exercise compared to no intervention for preventing recurrences of low‐back pain | ||||||
| Patient or population: patients with recurrences of low‐back pain Settings: Intervention: post‐treatment exercise Comparison: no intervention | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| no intervention | post‐treatment exercise | |||||
| Number of subjects with recurrent LBP Follow‐up: 0.5 to 2 years | Low risk population | RR 0.5 (0.34 to 0.73) | 130 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 | ||
| 10 per 100 | 5 per 100 (3 to 7) | |||||
| High risk population | ||||||
| 70 per 100 | 35 per 100 (24 to 51) | |||||
| Number of subjects with recurrent LBP Follow‐up: 2 to 5 years | Low risk population | RR 0.75 (0.53 to 1.07) | 66 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate2 | ||
| 10 per 100 | 8 per 100 (5 to 11) | |||||
| High risk population | ||||||
| 70 per 100 | 52 per 100 (37 to 75) | |||||
| Time to LBP recurrence self‐report Follow‐up: 0.5 to 2 years | Medium risk population | HR 0.43 (0.21 to 0.87) | 69 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate3 | ||
| 57 per 100 | 30 per 100 (16 to 52) | |||||
| Time to LBP recurrence self‐report Follow‐up: 2 to 5 years | Medium risk population | HR 0.5 (0.28 to 0.9) | 66 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate3 | ||
| 77 per 100 | 52 per 100 (34 to 73) | |||||
| Number of recurrences of LBP recurrences. Scale from: 0 to 10. Follow‐up: 0.5 to 2 years | The mean number of recurrences of lbp in the control groups was 1.44 | The mean Number of recurrences of LBP in the intervention groups was 0.35 lower (0.6 to 0.1 lower) | 154 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate5 | ||
| Number of recurrences of LBP Scale from: 0 to 10. Follow‐up: 2 to 5 years | The mean number of recurrences of lbp in the control groups was 1.6 | The mean Number of recurrences of LBP in the intervention groups was 1.97 lower (3.84 to 0.1 lower) | 66 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate3 | ||
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio; HR: Hazard ratio; | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
1 The studies of Donchin and Soukup had both an unclear risk of bias 2 Soukup 1999 95% CI included both negligible and appreciable benefit 3 Only one small study included 4 The average recurrence in studies with 0.5 to 2 years follow‐up was 1.5 per person 5 Kellett 1991 had a high risk of bias and Soukup 1999 unclear risk of bias