Table 4.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for associations between demographic variables, periodontal disease, and undiagnosed diabetes.
| VARIABLE | DATA |
|---|---|
| Demographics | NA§ |
| Model 1, OR* (95% CI†)‡ | NA |
| Body mass index (n = 7,343) | 1.08 (1.07 to 1.10) |
| Age (n = 7,343) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) |
| Male (n = 3,300) | 1.12 (0.88 to 1.42) |
| Center (race) | NA |
| Suburban Minneapolis, Minnesota (white) (n = 2,169) | [Reference] |
| North Carolina (African American) (n = 136) | 1.97 (0.99 to 3.93) |
| North Carolina (white) (n = 1,729) | 1.19 (0.87 to 1.63) |
| Maryland (white) (n = 2,014) | 1.26 (0.94 to 1.69) |
| Jackson, MS (African American) (n = 1,272) | 2.02 (1.44 to 2.81) |
| Education | NA |
| Advanced (n = 2,859) | [Reference] |
| Intermediate (n = 3,146) | 0.98 (0.70 to 1.24) |
| Basic (n = 1,328) | 1.11 (0.83 to 1.48) |
| Smoking status | NA |
| Never (n = 3,272) | [Reference] |
| Former (n = 2,760) | 1.13 (0.90 to 1.42) |
| Current (n = 1,009) | 0.99 (0.71 to 1.37) |
| High-density lipoprotein < 40 milligrams/deciliter (n = 1,993) | 2.35 (1.86 to 2.98) |
| Triglycerides > 200 mg/dL (n = 1,190) | 2.16 (1.69 to 2.74) |
| Statins (n = 917) | 0.95 (0.70 to 1.29) |
| Hypertension (n = 2,462) | 1.45 (1.17 to 1.80) |
| Periodontal Profile Classes System Adapted to Stages¶ | NA |
| Model 2 (model 1 + Periodontal Profile Classes system adapted to stages), OR (95% CI) | NA |
| Stage I, health (n = 1,741) | [Reference] |
| Stage II, mild (n = 964) | 1.10 (0.73 to 1.66) |
| Stage III, moderate (n = 918) | 0.88 (0.55 to 1.38) |
| Stage IV, severe (n = 419) | 1.78 (1.10 to 2.88) |
| Stage V mild TL# (n = 568) | 1.19 (0.73 to 1.94) |
| Stage VI, moderate TL and reduced periodontium (n = 707) | 1.24 (0.81 to 1.92) |
| Stage VII, severe TL (n = 768) | 1.38 (0.90 to 2.11) |
| Edentulous (n = 1,258) | 1.87 (1.27 to 2.75) |
| Type III P value | .009 |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology Index | NA |
| Model 2 (model 1 + Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontolgy), OR (95% CI) | NA |
| Health (n = 701) | [Reference] |
| Mild disease (n = 1,874) | 0.91 (0.58 to 1.42) |
| Moderate disease (n = 2,483) | 1.22 (0.80 to 1.87) |
| Severe disease (n = 1,027) | 1.21 (0.75 to 1.95) |
| Edentulous (n = 1,258) | 1.70 (1.08 to 2.67) |
| Type III P value | .007 |
*
OR: Odds ratio.
†
CI: Confidence interval.
‡
Also adjusted for race and center.
§
NA: Not applicable.
¶
Statistically significant
#
TL: Tooth loss.