| Methods |
Random ‐ unstated
No blinding
Crossover design
12 women randomised and analysed |
| Participants |
Inclusion: severe primary dysmenorrhoea, abdomen and back pain
Exclusion: OCP, IUD, pelvic pathology on gynaecological exam
Age: mean 23.8 (0.8) years
Location: Sweden |
| Interventions |
1. High frequency and intensity TENS ‐ 70‐100 Hz, 0.2 msec current/pulse duration, intensity 40‐50 mA
2. Naproxen ‐ single dose 500mg
Location: electrodes placed on lower abdomen and back
Duration: until pain free (2 cycles, one treatment per cycle) |
| Outcomes |
Pain score ‐ 1‐5 scale every 15 min for 240 min
Uterine activity
Side effects |
| Notes |
No difference in baseline scores |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Adequate sequence generation? |
Unclear risk |
"randomised", no further details. |
| Allocation concealment? |
Unclear risk |
Unclear, no details. |
| Blinding?
All outcomes |
High risk |
Open‐label study, no blinding. |
| Incomplete outcome data addressed?
All outcomes |
Low risk |
All patients analysed. |
| Free of selective reporting? |
Low risk |
All relevant outcomes were reported. |
