| Methods |
Random ‐ unstated
No blinding
Parallel design, 20 women randomised and analysed |
| Participants |
Inclusion: dysmenorrhoea, pelvic exam in last two years that had shown no pelvic pathology
Age: 19‐38 years
Location: USA |
| Interventions |
1. Low‐frequency TENS ‐ pulse width 40 msec, rate 1 pulse/sec, intensity 0 mA then increased to tolerance
2. Placebo pill
Location: bladder 21 and 29 (back), spleen 6 and stomach 36 (legs)
Duration: 30min |
| Outcomes |
Pain scales ‐ VAS and abbreviated McGill
Measured pre, post, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr |
| Notes |
Check this is low frequency
No difference in baseline scores |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Adequate sequence generation? |
Unclear risk |
"randomly assigned" no further details. |
| Allocation concealment? |
Unclear risk |
Unclear, no details. |
| Blinding?
All outcomes |
High risk |
No evidence of blinding. |
| Incomplete outcome data addressed?
All outcomes |
Low risk |
All patients analysed. |
| Free of selective reporting? |
Low risk |
All relevant outcomes were reported. |
