Jaffe 1985.

Methods	Randomized placebo‐controlled trial: 2 parallel groups. Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Dates of data collection: not stated. Setting: Kfar‐Sava, Israel. Inclusion criteria: women undergoing CS. N = 78. Exclusion: women with active infection, allergy to penicillin and antibiotic treatment within 2 weeks.
Interventions	Intervention: mezlocillin 5 g IV during 30 minutes prior to surgery; N = 38. Comparison: placebo: placebo; N = 40.
Outcomes	Febrile morbidity (> 38oC twice at least 4 hrs apart after 1st 24 hrs post‐operative); endometritis (fever and uterine tenderness); UTI (single culture of > 100,000 bacteria/mL); wound infection (redness, cellulitis, tenderness and exudate from incision).
Notes	Authors' definition of emergency not consistent with definitions used in this review (classified as 'both/undefined'). Class of antibiotic: extended spectrum penicillin (ureidopenicillin (mezlocillin)). Subgroups: type of CS unclear; before cord clamping. The 2 groups were comparable regarding age, parity, rupture of membranes, duration of ruptured membranes, number of vaginal examinations, duration of anesthesia, and indications for CS.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "...randomly assigned..". Comment: no description of sequence generation process.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: no information provided.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: it is unclear whether all patients randomized were included in the analysis but no losses or exclusions were reported. It appeared to be an ITT analysis.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Quote: "Placebo‐controlled". Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Other bias	Low risk	Comment: no other sources of bias identified.