Saltzman 1985.

Methods	RCT; 2 parallel groups.
Participants	Dates of data collection: not specified. Setting: Fairfax Hospital, Virginia, US. Women predominantly private. Inclusion: criteria: high‐risk women undergoing CS (in active labor and/or ruptured membranes > 4 hrs); not consistent with the criteria for non‐elective in this review: classified as "both/undefined" in this review. Exclusion: active infection, fever, antibiotic use within 3 days, allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins.
Interventions	Intervention: 3rd generation cephalosporin: ceftizoxime 2 g; N = 50. Comparison: placebo: placebo; N = 49. IV at time of cord clamping.
Outcomes	Febrile morbidity (oral temperature > 37.9oC twice at least 8 hrs apart, after 1st 24 hr); endometritis (fever and foul lochia or uterine tenderness); UTI (fever and positive culture); wound infection (fever, abnormal‐looking wound, surrounded by cellulitis and/or draining purulent material).
Notes	There was 1 drug reaction (maculopapular rash) in the treatment group. Women followed up at 6 weeks. Class of antibiotic: 3rd generation cephalosporin. Subgroups: type of CS unclear; after cord clamping. "The groups were comparable. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups with respect to maternal age, parity, gestational age, duration of labor, duration of ruptured membranes or use of internal fetal monitoring. There were no significant differences regarding indication for CS".
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "randomized". Comment: no description of sequence generation process.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: no information provided.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: 1 patient was removed from the study when she became febrile in the delivery room, not included in ITT analysis.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Comment: double‐blind, placebo‐controlled.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Other bias	Low risk	Comment: no other sources of bias identified.