Sokolowski 1989.

Methods	RCT; 2 parallel groups. Unit of randomization: individual.
Participants	Date of data collection: not stated. Setting: Magdeburg, Germany. Inclusion criteria: women undergoing CS (both elective and non‐elective). Exclusion criteria: none reported.
Interventions	Intervention 1: metronidazole 1 g post‐operative days 1 and 2, then 500 mg from days 3 ‐ 8 (vaginal tablet); N = 172. Intervention 2: no treatment; N = 204.
Outcomes	Fever (> 37.5°C for at least 3 days post‐operatively). Data also given for outcome of high fever (> 38.5°C) (7/172 vs 29/204 for treatment and control groups respectively); puerperal infection and wound infection were combined as "other diseases" (8/172 vs 11/204).
Notes	Translated from German. Class of antibiotic: nitroimidazoles. Subgroups: both elective and non‐elective CS; after cord clamping.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	Quote: Described as "by random selection"; women with surnames A‐K received treatment, women with surnames L‐Z did not. Comment: quasi‐RCT.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: no information provided.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Comment: no loss to follow‐up reported; no participant excluded.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient information to judge.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: no blinding, not placebo‐controlled.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: probably outcome assessment was not blinded.
Other bias	Low risk	Comment: no other sources of bias identified.