Table 3.

Long-term immunogenicity after single dose of inactivated HAV vaccine in children: 4–10 years real-time follow-up and booster effect

Author (Publication Year)	N Subjectsa (age: months)b	Vaccine	Follow-up period	Seropro-tection cutoff	Seropro- tection rate	GMC (mIU/mL)	Booster dose	Booster effect
Espul (2020)43	318 (11–23)	Avaxim 80	5 years	10 mIU/mL	99.7%	122.5	Individual cases	Booster given to 6 non-responders at year 1 and to n = 1/1/1 children (<10mIU/mL) at years 3,4,5: all with strong booster responsed.Modeling estimate: At 30 years 89% with ≥3mIU/mL
	190 (11–23)		10 years	3 mIU/mLc	100%	78.2
Mayorga (2016)31	104 (31–65)	Epaxal	7.5 years	10 mIU/mL	95.2%	81.0	For all at 7.5 years	Boosting elicited 29.7-fold increase of anti-HAV levels, incl. 4 children with <10mIU/mL
Urueña (2016)78	1088 (11–18)	Various HAV vaccinese	7.7 years(6.3–9.2)	10 mIU/mL	97.4%	170.5	Individual cases	Children with <10mIU/mL at end of FU offered booster, no post-booster anti-HAV antibodies measured
Vizzotti (2015)79	1139 (13–22)	Various HAV vaccinese	4 years	10 mIU/mL	92.9%	97.9	Individual cases	Children with <10mIU/mL at end of FU offered booster, no post-booster anti-HAV antibodies measured
Zhang (2017)80	85 (18–60)	Healive	5 years	20 mIU/mL	85.9%	76.3	Individual cases	12 children received a 2nd dose between year 1 and 5: GMC 45.8 → 911.4 mIU/mL

^aN = number of subjects at end of follow-up; ^b Age at vaccination; ^c Change of test system and cutoff for >5 − 10 year follow-up; ^dEspul (2017);^{81 e} HAV vaccines used for UMV in Argentina: Avaxim 80, Virohep A Junior (Epaxal Junior), Havrix 720

Abbreviations: GMC: geometric mean concentrations; FU: Follow-up; HAV: hepatitis A virus; UMV: universal mass vaccination.