Table 4. Factors associated with abnormal lipid levels among HIV-infected patients receiving ART in North Shewa, Ethiopia.
| Variables | TC ≥ 200 mg/dl | TG ≥ 150 mg/dl | HDL-c < 40 mg/dl | LDL-c ≥ 130 mg/dl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤ 40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| > 40 | 2.51 (1.64–3.84) | 2.95 (1.85–4.71) | 2.02 (1.17–3.50) | 3.37 (2.08–5.47) |
| P-value | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | NA | 1.22 (0.75–1.98) | 1.68 (0.97–2.94) | NA |
| Female | NA | 1 | 1 | NA |
| P-value | 0.428 | 0.067 | ||
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 1 | NA | 1 | 1 |
| Urban | 1.48 (0.86–2.52) | NA | 2.61 (1.16–6.14) | 1.81 (0.95–3.44) |
| P-value | 0.154 | 0.021 | 0.070 | |
| Education | ||||
| < High school | NA | 1 | NA | NA |
| ≥ High school | NA | 1.32 (0.81–2.16) | NA | NA |
| P-value | 0.272 | |||
| Duration of infection (years) | ||||
| < 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 5 | 1.12 (0.56–2.24) | 1.38 (0.61–3.18) | 0.64 (0.18–2.25) | 1.08 (0.45–2.57) |
| P-value | 0.743 | 0.441 | 0.277 | 0.869 |
| Duration on ART (years) | ||||
| < 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 5 | 1.54 (0.99–2.38) | 1.86 (1.13–3.07) | 3.47 (1.75–6.80) | 2.20 (1.30–3.71) |
| P-value | 0.050 | 0.015 | 0.020 | 0.003 |
| Smoking | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.83 (0.59–5.68) | 2.85 (0.77–10.52) | 3.61 (1.06–12.34) | 1.81 (0.93–3.36) |
| P-value | 0.292 | 0.117 | 0.040 | 0.383 |
| Alcohol use | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | NA | NA |
| Yes | 0.51 (0.24–1.08) | 0.89 (0.38–2.13) | NA | NA |
| P-value | 0.078 | 0.808 | ||
| Body mass index (Kg/m2), | ||||
| ≤ 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| > 25 | 2.43 (1.19–4.97) | 4.17 (2.01–8.67) | 2.04 (0.92–4.52) | 6.53 (3.05–13.98) |
| P-value | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.078 | 0.001 |
| CD4 count (cell/mm3) | ||||
| > 200 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA |
| ≤ 200 | 1.65 (1.05–2.58) | 0.81 (0.86–11.84) | 0.58 (0.31–1.09) | NA |
| P-value | 0.031 | 0.379 | 0.090 |
TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ART, antiretroviral therapy; NA, not available.