Table 1:
Pertinent Baseline Characteristics of the Women (N =263)
Age, years (mean±SD) | 54±11 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 (mean±SD) | 29±7 |
History of: | |
- Diabetes, n (%) | 27 (10%) |
- Hypertension, n (%) | 115 (44%) |
- Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 63 (24%) |
- Smoking, n (%) | 91 (35%) |
- Family history of CAD, n (%) | 108 (41%) |
- Pregnancy, n (%) | 206 (78%) |
Current use of hormonal replacement therapy, n (%) | 39 (15%) |
- u-hscTnI (ng/L), median (IQR) | 0.81 (0.44-1.52) |
Medications | |
- Beta blockers, n (%) | 63 (24%) |
- ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 59 (22%) |
- CCB, n (%) | 41 (16%) |
- Statins, n (%) | 85 (32%) |
Coronary vascular function measures | |
- Coronary flow reserve, median (IQR) | 2.7 (2.3-3.0) |
- Limited coronary flow reserve, N (%) | 74 (30%) |
- CBF in response to IC-ACH (%), median (IQR) | 38.6 (6.5-100.4) |
- Limited CBF, N (%) | 107 (55%) |
- Coronary diameter dilation in response to IC-ACH (%), median (IQR) | 1.02 (−7.1-9.2) |
- Limited coronary epicardial constriction in response to IC-ACH, N (%) | 105 (46%) |
- Coronary diameter dilation in response to IC-NTG (%), median (IQR) | 15 (6.0-24.1) |
- Limited coronary epicardial dilation in response to IC-NTG, N (%) | 144 (64) |
SD: standard deviation, u-hscTnI: ultra-high sensitivity troponin, IQR: interquartile range, ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB: angiotensin-receptor blocker, CBF: coronary blood flow, IC-ACH: intra-coronary acetylcholine, IC-NTG: intra-coronary nitroglycerin. Normal coronary flow reserve ≥2.32, Normal coronary blood flow (CBF) ≥50%, normal coronary epicardial diameter change in response to IC-ACH ≥0% and normal coronary epicardial diameter change in response to IC-NTG ≥20%.