Table 1.
Characteristics of opioid-naïve patients discharged from the ED with a diagnosis of back pain by opioid administration.
| All N = 24,487 | Not Prescribed/ Not Administered N = 9,985 | Not Prescribed/ Administered N = 2,487 | Prescribed/ Not Administered N = 4,530 | Prescribed/ Administered N = 7,485 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Female | 13,460(55) | 5,582(56) | 1,449(58) | 2,378(52) | 4,051(54) |
| Male | 11,027(45) | 4,403(44) | 1,038(42) | 2,152(48) | 3,434(46) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | Hispanic | 5,080(21) | 2,120(21) | 616(25) | 897(20) | 1,447(19) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 4,047(17) | 2,021(20) | 463(19) | 675(15) | 888(12) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 13,605(56) | 4,981(50) | 1,220(49) | 2,688(59) | 4,716(63) | |
| Other | 1,468(6) | 738(7) | 175(7) | 209(5) | 346(5) | |
| Missing | 287(1) | 125(1) | 13(1) | 61(1) | 88(1) | |
| Emergency Severity Index | 4–5 | 3,125(13) | 1,681(17) | 411(17) | 381(8) | 652(9) |
| 3 | 20,770(85) | 7,997(80) | 1,943(78) | 4,123(91) | 6,707(90) | |
| 1–2 | 592(2) | 307(3) | 133(5) | 26(1) | 126(2) | |
| Insurance | Medicaid | 7,215(29) | 3,093(31) | 760(31) | 1,324(29) | 2,038(27) |
| Private | 3,588(15) | 1,378(14) | 289(12) | 739(16) | 1,182(16) | |
| Uninsured | 5,326(22) | 2,289(23) | 593(24) | 982(22) | 1,462(20) | |
| Other | 5,124(21) | 1,954(20) | 488(20) | 941(21) | 1,741(23) | |
| Medicare | 3,233(13) | 1,270(13) | 357(14) | 544(12) | 1,062(14) | |
| Missing | 1(0) | 1(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | |
| Age at index visit | Median (IQR) | 38(28.0–52.0) | 37.0(26.0–52.0) | 38.0(28.0–52.0) | 38.0(29.0–52.0) | 40.0(29.0–54.0) |