Table 2.
Baseline angiographic characteristics of CTO lesions.
| Category | Overall (n = 212) | Final success (n = 172) | Final failure (n = 40) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTO target vessels | ||||
| LM (%) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.629 |
| LAD (%) | 93 (43.9) | 79 (45.9) | 14 (35.0) | 0.210 |
| LCX (%) | 25 (11.8) | 20 (11.6) | 5 (12.5) | 0.878 |
| RCA (%) | 93 (43.9) | 72 (41.9) | 21 (52.5) | 0.222 |
| In-stent occlusion (%) | 14 (6.6) | 10 (5.8) | 4 (10.0) | 0.337 |
|
| ||||
| Collateral channels | ||||
| CC 0 (%) | 4 (1.9) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (7.5) | 0.004 |
| CC 1 (%) | 115 (54.2) | 89 (51.7) | 26 (65.0) | 0.130 |
| CC 2 (%) | 93 (43.9) | 82 (47.7) | 11 (27.5) | 0.021 |
| J-CTO score | 3.45 ± 0.88 | 3.33 ± 0.87 | 4.00 ± 0.72 | <0.001 |
| <3 (%) | 41 (19.3) | 33 (19.2) | 8 (20.0) | 0.907 |
| ≥3 (%) | 171 (80.7) | 139 (80.8) | 32 (80.0) | 0.907 |
|
| ||||
| Number of diseased vessels | ||||
| Single VD | 44 (21.4) | 41 (24.7) | 3 (7.5) | 0.022 |
| Double VD | 84 (40.8) | 75 (45.2) | 9 (22.5) | 0.014 |
| Triple VD | 66 (32.0) | 39 (23.5) | 27 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| LM + multiple VD | 12 (5.8) | 11 (6.6) | 1 (2.5) | 0.471 |
|
| ||||
| Morphology of the proximal cap | ||||
| Blunt | 100 (47.2) | 70 (40.7) | 30 (75.0) | <0.001 |
| Side branch at the proximal cap | 153 (72.2) | 118 (68.6) | 35 (87.5) | 0.016 |
|
| ||||
| Target lesion morphology | ||||
| Tortuosity of the CTO lesion | 59 (27.8) | 47 (27.3) | 12 (30.0) | 0.734 |
| CTO length ≥20 mm | 160 (75.5) | 122 (70.9) | 38 (95.0) | 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Lesion calcification | ||||
| Mild | 169 (79.7) | 141 (81.9) | 28 (70.0) | 0.090 |
| Moderate | 23 (10.9) | 19 (11.1) | 4 (10.0) | 0.848 |
| Severe | 20 (9.4) | 12 (7.0) | 8 (20.0) | 0.025 |
|
| ||||
| Morphology of the distal cap | ||||
| Blunt | 51 (24.1) | 24 (14.0) | 27 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| Side branch at the distal cap | 83 (39.2) | 59 (34.3) | 24 (60.0) | 0.003 |
Values are mean ± SD or percentage. p value stands for comparison between final successful and final failed angiographic characteristics of CTO lesions. LM, left main artery; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LCX, left circumflex coronary artery; RCA, right coronary artery; CC, collateral connection; VD, vessel disease.