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Changes in mortality rates over time.
| YEAR OF STUDY | AUTHOR | TYPE OF STUDY | VARIABLES WITH INCREASED MORTALITY | FOLLOW UP | MORTALITY RATE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | Christopher G Moran et al.22 | Prospective | Delay in surgery (>4 days) | 1 year | 30% |
| 2010 | Scott Shnell23 | Retrospective | High CCI score (>4), Male, Increased Age | 1 year | 21.2% |
| 2019 | Eric Wei LiangCher24 | Prospective | High CCI score | 1 year | 13.3% |
| 2020 | Toshihiro Higashikawa et al.25 | Retrospective | Age, Sex, Albumin levels | 1 year | 12.2% |
