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. 2021 Apr 27;13:115. doi: 10.1007/s40820-021-00645-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Situations in which the EMI shield responds to the EM wave: a allowing all waves to enter with large transmission, b allowing all waves to enter with no transmission, and c strong secondary reflection. The situations in which the absorber responds to the EM wave: d good impedance matching with weak attenuation, e an ideal absorber with good impedance matching and strong attenuation, and f poor impedance matching with strong attenuation