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. 2021 Apr 14;8:675573. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.675573

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Progression of chronic renal failure is associated with immunological aging affecting the adaptive immune system. The typical hall marks of immunological aging are given with an uncertain role for regulatory T cells. The changes of uremia-associated immunological aging can contribute to the substantially increased COVID-19 infection-associated morbidity and mortality of patients with chronic renal failure.