TABLE 1.
Description of demographic characteristics and risk factors [mean ± SD or n (%)].
| Variable | Participants | Participants | |
| (had one MR scan) | (had two MR scans) | ||
| No. of participants | 105 | 44 | |
| Age (years) | 65.25 ± 6.33 | 59.19 ± 5.31 | |
| Education (years) | 11.38 ± 2.57 | 11.91 ± 2.64 | |
| Gender | M | 48 (45.71) | 22 (50.00) |
| F | 57 (54.29) | 22 (50.00) | |
| Hypertension | No | 46 (43.81) | 12 (27.27) |
| Yes | 59 (56.19) | 32 (72.73) | |
| Diabetes | No | 82 (78.10) | 31 (70.45) |
| Yes | 23 (21.90) | 13 (29.55) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | No | 73 (69.52) | 27 (61.36) |
| Yes | 32 (30.48) | 17 (38.64) | |
| Smoking | No | 79 (75.24) | 34 (77.27) |
| Yes | 26 (24.76) | 10 (22.73) | |
| WMHs | No | 31 (29.52) | 28 (63.64) |
| Yes | 74 (70.48) | 16 (36.36) | |
| Lacunes | No | 89 (84.76) | 43 (97.73) |
| Yes | 16 (15.24) | 1 (2.27) | |
| CMBs | No | 83 (79.05) | 30 (68.18) |
| Yes | 22 (20.95) | 14 (31.82) | |
| E4 gene | No | 88 (86.27) | 38 (86.36) |
| Yes | 14 (13.73) | 6 (13.64) | |
Participants who had one MR examination were referred to as individuals who had an MRI brain scan from October 2018 to August 2019. Participants who had two MR examinations were referred to as individuals who had MRI scans at two time points: the first was from July 2010 to December 2011, the second was from October 2018 to August 2019, and the time interval was approximately 8 years. The Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene carrier status of 102 patients was determined by using blood samples obtained from October 2018 to August 2019. Individuals with E4 alleles were coded as Yes, and individuals without E4 alleles were coded as No. CMBs, cerebral microbleeds; WMHs, white matter hyperintensities.