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. 2021 Apr 14;9:649277. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.649277

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Copyright © 2021 Wang, Wang, Kong, Shi, Wang, Chai, Xu and Kang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ADM2 promotes osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic factors expression of BMSCs. (A–D) Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs treated with OIM and different concentrations of ADM2 were determined with ALP staining (A), ALP activity assays (B), and alizarin red staining (C). Calcium deposition was assessed by measuring the optical density (D). Scale bar: 200 μm. (E,F) Expression of osteogenic-specific genes (E) and angiogenic-specific genes (F) of BMSCs treated with complete medium, OIM, ADM2, and OIM + ADM2 (1000 nM) were assessed with qRT-PCR. (G) Detection of SDF-1, Slit3, and VEGFA concentrations in conditioned medium from BMSCs in each group using ELISA. The data were confirmed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test from three independently repeated tests and are presented as the means ± SD. ^NSP > 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.