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Overview of the A-family CcOs. The BNC active site cofactors: high-spin heme a 3, CuB and the cross-linked tyrosine are embedded in the inner mitochondrial or the bacterial membrane. Soluble cytochrome c, the electron transfer cofactors (CuA and low-spin heme a), plus proton channels (D and K) from the N-side of the membrane to the BNC are indicated. Electron and proton uptake to the BNC is indicated as arrows, as well as the proton pumping across the entire membrane.
