Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics between children with and without T1DM.
| Variables | T1DM* | P | Variables | T1DM | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N=181704) | Yes (N=82) | No (N=181704) | Yes (N=82) | ||||
| n (%) | n (%) | ||||||
| Maternal age at delivery, years | 0.297 | Breast feeding duration | 0.472 | ||||
| ≥35 | 13370 (7.4) | 9 (11.0) | No | 37309 (20.5) | 21 (25.6) | ||
| Maternal Education | <0.001 | <6 months | 21137 (11.6) | 12 (14.6) | |||
| primary school | 12993 (7.2) | 15 (18.3) | 6 to 10 months | 60313 (33.2) | 23 (28.0) | ||
| junior high school | 49299 (27.1) | 18 (22.0) | >10 months | 62945 (34.6) | 26 (31.7) | ||
| senior high school | 44927 (24.7) | 24 (29.3) | Children’s BMI status | 0.839 | |||
| junior college and above | 74485 (41.0) | 25 (30.5) | underweight | 4931 (2.7) | 1 (1.2) | ||
| Annual family income, Ұ | 0.086 | normal | 131343 (72.3) | 60 (73.2) | |||
| <100,000 | 86550 (47.6) | 49 (59.8) | overweight | 29903 (16.5) | 13 (15.9) | ||
| 100,000~199,999 | 54390 (29.9) | 18 (22.0) | obesity | 15527 (8.5) | 8 (9.8) | ||
| ≥200,000 | 40764 (22.4) | 15 (18.3) | Birthweight | 0.213 | |||
| Diabetes of mother | 0.003 | <2,500g | 5997 (3.3) | 4 (4.9) | |||
| Yes | 1349 (0.7) | 4 (4.9) | 2,500~3,999g | 158110 (87.0) | 66 (80.5) | ||
| Diabetes of father | 0.031 | ≥4,000g | 17597 (9.7) | 12 (14.6) | |||
| Yes | 3870 (2.1) | 5 (6.1) | Preterm birth | <0.001 | |||
| Diabetes of grandparents | 0.470 | Yes | 9993 (5.5) | 14 (17.1) | |||
| Yes | 41550 (22.9) | 22 (26.8) | Gestational age | <0.001 | |||
| Diabetes of siblings | 0.020 | ≥37 weeks | 171711 (94.5) | 68 (82.9) | |||
| Yes | 471 (0.3) | 2 (2.4) | 32~37 weeks | 8896 (4.9) | 9 (11.0) | ||
| Maternal GDM† | 0.024 | <32 weeks | 1097 (0.6) | 5 (6.1) | |||
| Yes | 7788 (4.3) | 8 (9.8) | mean ± SD | ||||
| Gender | 0.810 | Children’s age, years | 9.57 ± 3.81 | 11.79 ± 4.05 | <0.001 | ||
| girls | 85500 (47.1) | 37 (45.1) | |||||
*T1DM, Type 1 diabetes; †GDM, gestational diabetes.
Bold values means statistically significant.