Figure 4.

Adipocyte-specific Ube2i knockout mice develop insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. (A) Representative H/E stained liver sections from male (top row) and female (bottom row) Ube2i^a-KO and Ube2i^fl/fl control mice show lipid droplet accumulation in Ube2i^a-KO mice. Scale bar 100 μm. (B) Hepatic triglycerides (TGs) per gram liver tissue (n = 7/group). (C) Fed serum FGF21 (pg/ml) (male n = 11–12/group; female n = 7–9/group). (D) Fed serum glucose (mg/dl) and (E) insulin (ng/ml) (male n = 11–12/group; female n = 7–9/group). (F) Insulin and (G) glucose tolerances tests were performed on Ube2i^fl/fl and Ube2i^a-KO male (n = 11–15/group) and female (n = 5–7/group) mice. Area under the curve is also shown. Values labeled on panels in (F) indicate the percentage decrease from initial fasting blood glucose. (H) Serum insulin during glucose tolerance test from Ube2i^fl/fl and Ube2i^a-KO male (n = 5/group) and female (n = 4–6/group) mice. Gray = Ube2i^fl/fl male and female controls, blue = male Ube2i^a-KO, red = female Ube2i^a-KO. Data are presented as mean +/− SEM; ∗p < 0.05 between groups, #p < 0.05 versus time zero. All analyses were performed in six-month-old adult mice.