Table 3.
Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors associated with wasting on under-five children in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, EDHS 2016
(Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals)
| Variables | Wasting | COR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Age of child in months | ||||
| 0–24 | 33 (8⋅5 %) | 354 (91⋅5 %) | 1 | 1 |
| 25–47 | 30 (9⋅2 %) | 295 (90⋅8 %) | 1⋅09 (0⋅65, 1⋅83) | 1⋅08 (0⋅64, 1⋅82) |
| 48–59 | 25 (12⋅6 %) | 173 (87⋅4 %) | 1⋅55 (0⋅89, 2⋅69) | 1⋅52 (0⋅87, 2⋅64) |
| Sex of child | ||||
| Male | 50 (10⋅0 %) | 450 (90⋅0 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 46 (9⋅7 %) | 428 (90⋅3 %) | 0⋅97 (0⋅63, 1⋅48) | 0⋅96 (0⋅58, 1⋅58) |
| Place of residence | ||||
| Urban | 7 (7⋅9 %) | 82 (92⋅1 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 89 (10⋅1 %) | 796 (89⋅9 %) | 1⋅31 (0⋅59, 2⋅92) | 1⋅18 (0⋅36, 3⋅88) |
| Religion | ||||
| Orthodox | 79 (9⋅6 %) | 742 (90⋅4 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Muslin | 17 (11⋅2 %) | 135 (88⋅8 %) | 1⋅18 (0⋅68, 2⋅06) | 1⋅22 (0⋅62, 2⋅37) |
| Type of birth | ||||
| Single birth | 94 (9⋅9 %) | 852 (90⋅1 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Multiple birth | 2 (7⋅1 %) | 26 (92⋅9 %) | 0⋅68 (0⋅16, 2⋅98) | 0⋅53 (0⋅06, 4⋅32) |
| Mothers’ BMI | ||||
| Overweight | 5 (13⋅9 %) | 31 (86⋅1 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Normal weight | 71 (9⋅6 %) | 667 (90⋅4 %) | 0⋅67 (0⋅23, 1⋅94) | 2⋅50 (0⋅32, 19⋅44) |
| Underweight | 19 (9⋅8 %) | 175 (90⋅2 %) | 0⋅89 (0⋅09, 8⋅82) | 2⋅73 (0⋅34, 22⋅08) |
| Birth weight | ||||
| >4 kg | 22 (9⋅7 %) | 205 (90⋅3 %) | 1 | 1 |
| 2⋅5–4 kg | 46 (11⋅0 %) | 372 (89⋅0 %) | 1⋅15 (0⋅67, 1⋅97) | 1⋅36 (0⋅71, 2⋅61) |
| <2⋅5 kg | 28 (8⋅5 %) | 301 (91⋅5 %) | 0⋅87 (0⋅48, 1⋅56) | 0⋅87 (0⋅42, 1⋅77) |
| Mother educational level | ||||
| Illiterate | 72 (9⋅8 %) | 659 (90⋅2 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Primary | 18 (9⋅8 %) | 166 (90⋅2 %) | 0⋅99 (0⋅58, 1⋅71) | 1⋅32 (0⋅71, 2⋅46) |
| Secondary | 4 (10⋅5 %) | 34 (89⋅5 %) | 1⋅08 (0⋅37, 3⋅12) | 1⋅63 (0⋅39, 6⋅73) |
| Diploma and above | 2 (9⋅5 %) | 19 (90⋅5 %) | 0⋅96 (0⋅22, 4⋅22) | 2⋅96 (0⋅46, 19⋅07) |
| Type of toilet facility | ||||
| Improved | 39 (7⋅9 %) | 453 (92⋅1 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Unimproved | 57 (11⋅8 %) | 425 (88⋅2 %) | 0⋅64 (0⋅42, 0⋅99) | 0⋅52 (0⋅31, 0⋅87)** |
| Sex of household head | ||||
| Female | 14 (15⋅7 %) | 75 (84⋅3 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 82 (9⋅3 %) | 803 (90⋅7 %) | 1⋅83 (0⋅99, 3⋅39) | 1⋅99 (1⋅06, 3⋅73)* |
| Household wealth index combined | ||||
| Poor | 46 (10⋅2 %) | 404 (89⋅8 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 29 (12⋅6 %) | 201 (87⋅4 %) | 1⋅27 (0⋅77, 2⋅08) | 1⋅12 (0⋅66, 1⋅90) |
| Rich | 21 (7⋅1 %) | 273 (92⋅9 %) | 0⋅68 (0⋅39, 1⋅16) | 0⋅68 (0⋅38, 1⋅19) |
| Number of living children | ||||
| 1–2 | 30 (8⋅6 %) | 319 (91⋅4 %) | 1 | 1 |
| 3–4 | 17 (9⋅9 %) | 154 (90⋅1 %) | 0⋅77 (0⋅48, 1⋅24) | 1⋅04 (0⋅59, 1⋅82) |
| >4 | 49 (10⋅9 %) | 400 (89⋅1 %) | 0⋅90 (0⋅53, 1⋅61) | 1⋅17 (0⋅59, 2⋅33) |
| Sources of drinking water | ||||
| Improved | 36 (10⋅3 %) | 314 (89⋅7 %) | 1 | 1 |
| Unimproved | 59 (9⋅5 %) | 565 (90⋅5 %) | 1⋅10 (0⋅71, 1⋅70) | 0⋅96 (0⋅57, 1⋅61) |
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; COR, crude odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; 1, reference.
*
P-value <0⋅05 is considered significant.
**
P-value <0⋅01 is considered significant.