Table 1.
Clinical features of all participants in the normal and abnormal IMT groups
| Characteristics | Control group (IMT ≤ 1.0 mm) | Abnormal IMT group (IMT > 1.0 mm) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 244 | N = 485 | ||
| Male gender (%) | 49.6 | 72.2 | < 0.0001 a |
| Age (years) | 43 (16–72) | 57 (29–89) | < 0.0001 b |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.48 (17.30–36.68) | 25.43 (18.83–41.21) | < 0.0001 b |
| Dietary favor (%) | 0.239 a | ||
| Well-balanced | 43.0 | 46.8 | |
| Preference for vegetarian | 29.1 | 23.3 | |
| Preference for meat | 27.9 | 29.9 | |
| Smoking (%) | 8.6 | 17.1 | 0.002a |
| Hypertension history (%) | 11.1 | 25.9 | < 0.0001a |
| Systolic pressure (%) | 121 (90–193) | 132 (90–197) | < 0.0001b |
| Diastolic pressure (%) | 75 (50–110) | 81(45–155) | < 0.0001b |
| Seafood consumption (%) | 0.673a | ||
| Seldom (< 1 time per week) | 95.9 | 96.7 | |
| Often (≥ 2 times per week) | 4.1 | 3.3 | |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 5.30 (4.24–12.55) | 5.62 (1.75–18.58) | < 0.0001b |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.74 (2.71–7.94) | 4.92 (2.24–8.94) | 0.061b |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.21 (0.06–8.28) | 1.49 (0.36–16.72) | < 0.0001b |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.42 (0.67–6.40) | 1.32 (0.51–4.50) | < 0.0001b |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.69 (1.07–4.68) | 2.83 (0.79–10.12) | 0.185b |
| LDL1-C (mmol/L) | 28 (0–73) | 22 (0–75) | < 0.0001b |
| LDL2-C (mmol/L) | 29 (3–83) | 30 (0–82) | 0.468 |
| LDL3-C (mmol/L) | 12 (0–51) | 16 (0–73) | < 0.0001b |
| LDL4-C (mmol/L) | 2 (0–39) | 3 (0–38) | < 0.0001b |
| LDL5-C (mmol/L) | 0 (0–20) | 0 (0–30) | 0.074 |
| sdLDL-C (mmol/L) | 14 (0–89) | 19 (0–86) | < 0.0001b |
The values in bold mean statistically significant
aFisher’s exact test
bMann-Whitney U test