Table 3.
Safety outcome reporting of gout flare prophylaxis and therapy use with renal function stratification
| First Author (Year) (Trial Name) |
Adverse/Serious Adverse Events Reported by Renal Function | Notable Findings |
|---|---|---|
| COLCHICINE | ||
| AKDAG 2006 [17] | Yes | Colchicine toxicity in the context of antibiotic use (clarithromycin and cefepime) for pneumonia. Besides worsening renal function, there was associated mild pancytopaenia and liver impairment. |
| ALAYLI 2005 [18] | Yes | Colchicine neuromyopathy in the context of concomitant statin use. |
| ALTMAN 2007 [20] | Yes | Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis. |
| BONNEL 2002 [22] | Yes | Fatal colchicine toxicity with rapidly deteriorating renal function and death. |
| BOUQUIÉ 2011 [24] | Yes | Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis with acute decompensation of pre-existing double heart/lung transplant and multi-organ failure. |
| ELEFTHERIOU 2008 [28] | Yes | Colchicine toxicity with multi-organ failure in the context of concomitant long-term cyclosporin therapy for heart transplant. |
| GARROUSTE 2012 [29] | Yes | Colchicine toxicity with neuromyopathy and multi-organ failure in the context of concomitant long-term cyclosporin use for renal transplant. |
| HUH 2013 [31] | Yes | Colchicine toxicity with gastrointestinal symptoms and neuromyopathy in the context of concomitant long-term cyclosporin use for renal transplant and statin use. |
| JUSTINIANO 2007 [32] | Yes | Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis in the context of concomitant statin use. |
| KUBLER 2000 [33] | Yes | Fatal colchicine toxicity with multi-organ failure and death. |
| LAI 2006 [35] | Yes | Colchicine neuromyopathy. |
| LEE 1997 [36] | Yes | Acute myopathy in the context of concomitant cyclosporin use for renal transplant. |
| LY 2007 [37] | Yes | One patient with CKD (serum creatinine of 0.21 mmol/L) developed colchicine myopathy. |
| MEDANI 2016 [39] | Yes | Colchicine neuromyopathy. |
| NEUSS 1986 [44] | Yes | Fatal colchicine toxicity with myopathy, multi-organ failure, severe neutropaenia with associated disseminated candidiasis and death. |
| PATEL 2016 [46] | Yes | Colchicine-induced rhabdomyolysis in the context of statin use and initiation of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir therapy for Hepatitis C. |
| RIEGER 1990 [49] | Yes | Colchicine neuromyopathy in the context of acute stage of post-renal transplant and cyclosporin use. |
| WILBUR 2004 [53] | Yes | Colchicine neuromyopathy. |
| YOON 2001 [55] | Yes | Colchicine toxicity with associated pancytopaenia, neuromyopathy and total alopecia. |
| ZAGLER 2009 [57] | Yes | Colonic perforation and acute on chronic CKD. |
| IL-1 INHIBITORS | ||
| ADLER 2007 [67] | No | Anakinra treatment: adverse event was not reported. |
| AOUBA 2015 [68] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: 1 patient with mild injection site reaction, transient diffuse pruritus and episodic diarrhoea. |
| BARTOV 2013 [69] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: adverse event was not observed. |
| DIREZ 2012 [71] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: non-complicated neutropaenia. |
| LOUSTAU 2018 [76] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: 1 patient with an infection (nosocomial pyelonephritis). No other adverse event was observed. |
| MAROTTO 2018 [77] | Yes | Canakinumab treatment: adverse event was not observed. |
| PEREZ-RUIZ 2013 [81] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: 1 patient with recurrent heart failure. No other adverse event was observed. |
| TRAN 2011 [83] | Yes | Anakinra treatment: adverse event was not reported. |
| NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS | ||
| KAHL 1989 [84] | Yes | Acute kidney injury with sulindac and indomethacin use. |
| SCHLONDORFF 1993 [86] | Yes | Acute kidney injury with indomethacin use. |
| ZAGLER 2009 [57] | Yes | Colonic perforation and acute on chronic CKD. |
| GLUCOCORTICOIDS | ||
| TAUSCHE 2011 [95] | No | Adverse event was not reported. |
| ZAGLER 2009 [57] | Yes | Colonic perforation and acute on chronic CKD. |
CKD Chronic kidney disease