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. 2021 Apr 28;12:2462. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22802-z

Fig. 4. Uniaxial tensile test of specimens made with PVA 0.8 formulation.

Fig. 4

a Stress–strain curves of the self-healed hydrogels for increasing healing time and b comparison of the healing efficiencies estimated from tensile strength at break (SHσ) and elongation at break (SHε). Error bars represent standard deviation, n = 5 independent replicates. c Stress–strain curves of printed pristine and healed samples compared with the same curves obtained from cast pristine, and healed samples. d, e Elongation and rupture behavior during the test of d pristine sample and e 12 h healed sample (bottom).