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. 2021 Apr 28;11:9152. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88152-4

Table 2.

Differences between clinical and control children samples’ scores in standardized questionnaires and in some selected variables of the ad hoc survey calculated using student’s T-test. Standard deviations are reported. Bold for p-values < .05. *Note: effect size’s r values: .00–.20 low, .30–.50 medium, .60–2.00 large.

Clinical sample (N = 45) Control sample (N = 41) t p Effect size r*
Mean SD Mean SD
SDQ
Standardized variables
 Emotional symptoms 2.00 1.53 1.88 1.55 .366 .716 0.03
 Conduct problems 2.29 1.54 2.59 1.65 − .858 .393 − .09
 Hyperactivity/inattention 3.47 1.97 3.93 2.05 − 1.059 .292 − .11
 Peer problems 1.36 1.56 1.10 1.35 .812 .419 .08
 Prosocial behaviors 8.98 1.97 8.41 1.54 1.463 .147 .15
 Total score 9.11 4.62 9.49 3.45 − .425 .672 − .04
  Internalizing 2.80 2.24 2.66 1.79 .321 .749 .03
  Externalizing 4.76 2.73 5.39 2.62 − 1.096 .276 − .11
SCAS
Separation anxiety factor 5.31 3.704 4.68 3.357 .821 .414 .08
Variables of the survey
 Concerns for contagion 1.91 .59 1.41 .54 4.012 .000 .40
 Contacts with friends .91 .28 .90 .30 .137 .892 .01
 Contacts with friends during home confinement 2.02 .85 2.27 .80 − 1.307 .195 − .14
 Current contacts with friends 2.10 .86 2.11 .84 − .055 .957 − .01
 Psychological well-being 2.58 .58 2.39 .70 1.351 .180 .14
Concerns about the resumptions of activities 2.62 1.11 2.51 1.14 .452 .652 .04