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. 2021 Apr 28;11:9147. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87402-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Application of COSMAS to a dish of calcium-imaged monolayer. (A) Sample pixel trace (1 Hz pacing). (B) Activation map extracted from a culture dish showing calcium-based propagation (top) and a map of CaT duration (CaTD) measured at 80% recovery (bottom). (C) Sample trace from a recording obtained off-axis cell culture imaging¹⁹ showing characteristic “double-hump” motion transient morphology corresponding to cellular contraction and relaxation. (D) The activation map of a slow-conducting spiral wave imaged using off-axis imaging, with chaotic culture activation around the spiral. (E) The map of temporal standard deviation of duration of cellular activation, computed over multiple wave passes.