Table 2.
Markers of Cardiometabolic Health and Hormone Concentrations
| Assigned female at birth |
Assigned male at birth |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transgender males (n=9) | Cisgender females (n=14a) | Transgender females (n=8) | Cisgender males (n=17a) | |
| BMI (percentile) | 62±32 | 67±29 | 44±39 | 45±38 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 104±13 | 114±11 | 97±6 | 108±7** |
| Systolic BP (percentile) | 41±32 | 68±24 | 15±12 | 52±21*** |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 67±5 | 65±9 | 65±11 | 65±3 |
| Diastolic BP (percentile) | 59±20 | 55±25 | 55±28 | 57±9 |
| Inverse of fasting insulin (mL/μU) | 0.067±0.020 | 0.103±0.049* | 0.076±0.029 | 0.135±0.049* |
| HOMA-IR | 3.7±1.7 | 2.3±1.1** | 3.5±1.4 | 2.2±1.3* |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 89±4 | 79±13* | 88±7 | 84±5 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.4±0.2 | 5.2±0.2* | 5.4±0.1 | 5.1±0.2** |
| AST (U/L) | 42±11 | 31±10* | 43±9 | 31±6** |
| ALT (U/L) | 28±13 | 24±9 | 34±17 | 24±6 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 158±21 | 152±27 | 143±16 | 151±35 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 87±43 | 89±24 | 78±28 | 117±115 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 53±16 | 48±13 | 51±6 | 54±13 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 88±14 | 86±23 | 76±14 | 74±17 |
| Total estradiol (pg/mL) | 15±5 | 58±45* | 12±3 | 14±5 |
| Total testosterone (ng/dL) | 29±12 | 38±12 | 50±52 | 231±153*** |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 53±34 | 47±19 | 50±24 | 54±26 |
| Luteinizing hormone (mIU/mL) | 1.6±1.8 | — | 0.8±0.6 | — |
| Follicle stimulating hormone (mIU/mL) | 2.7±2.3 | — | 0.8±0.3 | — |
Values are given as mean±SD.
a
Means of the matched set, *p<0.05, **p≤0.01, ***p≤0.001 (p-values represent significance from log-transformed variables when relevant).
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model of insulin resistance; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.