Table 1.
Study measures and timepoints.
| Study measures | Timepoints | |||||||||
|
|
|
Prenatal period |
|
Postnatal period | ||||||
|
|
|
Initial survey | Prenatal follow-up (1-5) | Delivery |
|
3 months | 6 months | 12 months | ||
| General measures | ||||||||||
|
|
Eligibility questions and consent | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Demographic information | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Health behavior (eg, substance use, physical activity, and diet) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Prior, current, and changes in medical history and conditions | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Pandemic Objective Hardship Scale | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Perceived COVID-19 threat | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Distress thermometer | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ/PRAQ-R2) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
PROMISa Anxiety | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
PROMIS Anger | ✓ |
|
|
|
✓ |
|
✓ | ||
|
|
PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
PROMIS Sleep Disturbance | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-2) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Social isolation | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Couple’s Satisfaction Index (CSI) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
✓ |
|
✓ | ||
|
|
Social Support Effectiveness Questionnaire (SSEQ) | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
✓ |
|
||
|
|
Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL) | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale- Short form (IUS) | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Physical abuse (PRAMSb) | ✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)c |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
✓ |
|
|
||
|
|
The Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS)c |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Self-compassionc |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Intended infant feeding |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Gender identity and sexual orientation questionsc |
|
✓ | ✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
| Delivery measures | ||||||||||
|
|
Delivery type and outcome (live birth, miscarriage, and neonatal death) |
|
|
✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Baby information and health (weight, length, sex, and NICUd stay) |
|
|
✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Birth experience and COVID-19 restrictions during birth or NICU stay |
|
|
✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Initial breastfeeding questions |
|
|
✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
COVID-19 impact on breastfeeding and bonding |
|
|
✓ |
|
|
|
|
||
| Child development measures | ||||||||||
|
|
Infant health |
|
|
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
✓ | ||
|
|
Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional, Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
✓ | ||
|
|
Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) |
|
|
|
|
✓ |
|
✓ | ||
|
|
The Infant Behaviour Questionnaire–Revised Very Short Form (IBQ-R) |
|
|
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
Crying patterns |
|
|
|
|
✓ |
|
|
||
|
|
Infant feeding |
|
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
COVID-19 disruptions to mothers’ postpartum services |
|
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
|
COVID-19 disruptions to infant appointments and services |
|
|
|
|
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
aPROMIS: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System.
bPRAMS: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.
cThese measures were only collected once.
dNICU: neonatal intensive care unit.