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. 2021 Apr 28;592(7856):747–755. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-03040-7

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 3 — a–d, Comparisons between closely related species (human and chimpanzee) for four receptors, showing maximum syntenies found using this method. e–h, Comparisons between intermediately related species (human and chicken) for the same four receptors in a–d. i–l, Comparisons between distantly related species (human and fish). m–p, Comparisons between distantly related non-human species. On the x axis, 0 represents the query OTR-VTR in the query organism and the numbers represent the number of genes on the 5′ (left) and 3′ (right) of the query OTR-VTR in the genome. The y axis shows the cumulative number of the matched homologous (orthologous or paralogous) syntenic genes in the reference genome for each reference receptor. For example, in a the chimpanzee OTR region (red line) shows 17 syntenic gene matches within 20 genes 5′ (left) of human OTR, and 18 matches within 20 genes 3′ (right) of human OTR. If the reference OTR-VTR does not show any match, then it is 0 on the y axis (for example, the chimpanzee VTR1B (shown in green in a)); if the reference OTR-VTR matches only the query OTR-VTR, it reaches 1 (for example, chimpanzee VTR1A (shown in in blue in d) was orthologous only to human VTR2C). If the reference OTR-VTR is not orthologous to the query OTR-VTR, but does show gene matches in the neighbouring territory, then it indicates a deletion of the receptor in the query species (for example, chicken VTR1A (shown in blue in f)).