Fig. 5.

Osteochondral engineering using the all-silk-derived composite. A) a, e, i, m, q, Gross images of different groups. c, g, k, o, s, Micro-CT 3D images of different groups. The dark yellow, green and brown colors in the 3D reconstruction images represent the primary bone, new bone and 3D reconstructed new bone, respectively, within the selected ROI. b, f, j, n, r, d, h, l, p, t, Histological analysis of different groups by safranin-O/fast-green staining. The green arrows in Fig. 5A–j, n, and r indicate lateral integration between neocartilage and adjacent cartilage. B) The ICRS macroscopic repair scores were quantified. C) BMD (g/cm³), D) BV/TV (%) and E) Th (μm) values of micro-CT bone remodeling were quantitatively measured.