Table 4.
Factors associated with the symptoms of insomnia in two groups.
| Frontline medical staff | Non-frontline medical staff | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insomnia-early | χ2 | P | Insomnia-middle | χ2 | P | Insomnia-late | χ2 | P | Sleep mode satisfaction | χ2 | P | Insomnia-early | χ2 | P | Insomnia-middle | χ2 | P | Insomnia-late | χ2 | P | Sleep mode satisfaction | χ2 | P | |||||||||
| Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | |||||||||||||||||
| N | 185 | 285 | 221 | 249 | 208 | 262 | 66 | 404 | 1,166 | 1,284 | 1,365 | 1,085 | 1,321 | 1,129 | 454 | 1,996 | ||||||||||||||||
| Sex | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.03 | 0.87 | 0.003 | 0.96 | 0.05 | 0.83 | 10.77 | 0.001 | 8.93 | 0.003 | 2.86 | 0.09 | 10.32 | <0.001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Men | 46 (24.9%) | 63 (22.1%) | 52 (23.5%) | 57 (22.9%) | 48 (23.1%) | 61 (23.3%) | 16 (24.2%) | 93 (23.0%) | 157 (13.5%) | 119 (9.3%) | 177 (13.0%) | 99 (9.1%) | 162 (12.3%) | 114 (10.1%) | 75 (16.5%) | 201 (10.1%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Women | 139 (75.1%) | 222 (77.9%) | 169 (76.5%) | 192 (77.1%) | 160 (76.9%) | 201 (76.7%) | 50 (75.8%) | 311 (77.0%) | 1,009 (86.5%) | 1,165 (90.7%) | 1,188 (87.0%) | 986 (90.9%) | 1,159 (87.7%) | 1,015 (89.9%) | 379 (83.5%) | 1,795 (89.9%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Age | 3.30 | 0.19 | 2.79 | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.86 | 0.52 | 0.77 | 1.17 | 0.56 | 4.08 | 0.13 | 30.79 | <0.001 | 0.70 | 0.71 | ||||||||||||||||
| ≤28 | 45 (24.3%) | 89 (31.2%) | 56 (25.3%) | 78 (31.3%) | 62 (29.8%) | 72 (27.5%) | 18 (27.3%) | 116 (28.7) | 386 (33.1%) | 451 (35.1%) | 484 (35.5%) | 353 (32.5%) | 489 (37.0%) | 348 (30.8%) | 151 (33.3%) | 686 (34.4%) | ||||||||||||||||
| 29–40 | 110 (59.5%) | 161 (56.5%) | 130 (58.8%) | 141 (56.6%) | 118 (56.7%) | 153 (58.4%) | 37 (56.1%) | 234 (57.9%) | 595 (51.0%) | 631 (49.1%) | 681 (49.9%) | 545 (50.2%) | 671 (50.8%) | 555 (49.2%) | 235 (51.8%) | 991 (49.6%) | ||||||||||||||||
| >40 | 30 (16.2%) | 35 (12.3%) | 35 (15.8%) | 30 (12.0%) | 28 (13.5%) | 37 (14.1%) | 11 (16.7%) | 54 (13.4%) | 185 (15.9%) | 202 (15.7%) | 200 (14.7%) | 187 (17.2%) | 161 (12.2%) | 226 (20.0%) | 68 (15.0%) | 319 (16.0%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Education level | 7.36 | 0.03 | 5.86 | 0.05 | 4.36 | 0.11 | 3.75 | 0.15 | 3.33 | 0.19 | 3.04 | 0.22 | 2.95 | 0.23 | 7.14 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
| <Undergraduate/junior college | 7 (3.8%) | 11 (3.9%) | 9 (4.1%) | 9 (3.6%) | 6 (2.9%) | 12 (4.6%) | 5 (7.6%) | 13 (3.2%) | 59 (5.1%) | 73 (5.7%) | 75 (5.5%) | 57 (5.3%) | 63 (4.8%) | 69 (6.1%) | 20 (4.4%) | 112 (5.6%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Undergraduate/junior college | 149 (80.5%) | 252 (88.4%) | 180 (81.4%) | 221 (88.8%) | 173 (83.2%) | 228 (87.0%) | 52 (78.8%) | 349 (86.4%) | 987 (84.6%) | 1,105 (86.1%) | 1,152 (84.4%) | 940 (86.6%) | 1,129 (85.5%) | 963 (85.3%) | 378 (83.3%) | 1,714 (85.9%) | ||||||||||||||||
| ≥Postgraduate | 29 (15.7%) | 22 (7.7%) | 32 (14.5%) | 19 (7.6%) | 29 (13.9%) | 22 (8.4%) | 9 (13.6%) | 42 (10.4%) | 120 (10.3%) | 106 (8.3%) | 138 (10.1%) | 88 (8.1%) | 129 (9.8%) | 97 (8.6%) | 56 (12.3%) | 170 (8.5%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Marital status | 2.10 | 0.35 | 1.71 | 0.43 | 0.05 | 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.68 | 8.13 | 0.02 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 8.37 | 0.02 | 0.59 | 0.74 | ||||||||||||||||
| Widowed/divorced | 6 (3.2%) | 5 (1.8%) | 7 (3.2%) | 4 (1.6%) | 5 (2.4%) | 6 (2.3%) | 1 (1.5%) | 10 (2.5%) | 24 (2.1%) | 39 (3.0%) | 32 (2.3%) | 31 (2.9%) | 25 (1.9%) | 38 (3.4%) | 11 (2.4%) | 52 (2.6%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Married | 130 (70.3%) | 191 (67.0%) | 153 (69.2%) | 168 (67.5%) | 141 (67.8%) | 180 (68.7%) | 48 (72.7%) | 273 (67.6%) | 802 (68.8%) | 817 (63.6%) | 907 (66.4%) | 712 (65.6%) | 859 (65.0%) | 760 (67.3%) | 307 (67.6%) | 1,312 (65.7%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Spinsterhood | 49 (26.5%) | 89 (31.2%) | 61 (27.6%) | 77 (30.9%) | 62 (29.8%) | 76 (29.0%) | 17 (25.8%) | 121 (30.0%) | 340 (29.2%) | 428 (33.3%) | 426 (31.2%) | 342 (31.5%) | 437 (33.1%) | 331 (29.3%) | 136 (30.0%) | 632 (31.7%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Region | 3.07 | 0.38 | 1.45 | 0.69 | 4.69 | 0.20 | 3.68 | 0.30 | 1.16 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.92 | 4.17 | 0.24 | 1.97 | 0.58 | ||||||||||||||||
| No-risk region | 136 (73.5%) | 210 (73.7%) | 162 (73.3%) | 184 (73.9%) | 150 (72.1%) | 196 (74.8%) | 45 (68.2%) | 301 (74.5%) | 954(81.8%) | 1,037 (80.8%) | 1,110 (81.3%) | 881 (81.2%) | 1,059 (80.2%) | 932 (82.6%) | 374 (82.4%) | 1,617 (81.0%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Low-risk region | 6 (3.2%) | 3 (1.1%) | 6 (2.7%) | 3 (2.1%) | 7 (3.4%) | 2 (0.8%) | 3 (4.5%) | 6 (1.5%) | 12 (1.0%) | 10 (0.8%) | 12 (0.9%) | 10 (0.9%) | 10 (0.8%) | 12 (1.1%) | 6 (1.3%) | 16 (0.8%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Medium-risk region | 40 (21.6%) | 66 (23.2%) | 49 (22.2%) | 57 (22.9%) | 48 (23.1%) | 58 (22.1%) | 16 (24.2%) | 90 (22.3%) | 198 (17.0%) | 234 (18.2%) | 241 (17.7%) | 191 (17.6%) | 250 (18.9%) | 182 (16.1%) | 73 (16.1%) | 359 (18.0%) | ||||||||||||||||
| High-risk region | 3 (1.6%) | 6 (2.1%) | 4 (1.8%) | 5 (2.0%) | 3 (1.4%) | 6 (2.3%) | 2 (3.0%) | 7 (1.7%) | 2 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 2 (0.1%) | 3 (0.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | 3 (0.3%) | 1 (0.2%) | 4 (0.2%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Contact history | 3.42 | 0.06 | 9.68 | 0.002 | 0.08 | 0.78 | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.001 | 0.98 | 1.88 | 0.17 | 8.72 | 0.003 | 1.05 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||
| Positive | 93 (50.3%) | 168 (58.9%) | 106 (48.0%) | 155 (62.2%) | 117 (56.3%) | 144 (55.0%) | 34 (51.5%) | 227 (56.2%) | 153 (13.1%) | 169 (13.2%) | 168 (12.3%) | 154 (14.2%) | 149 (11.3%) | 173 (15.3%) | 53 (11.7%) | 269 (13.5%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Negative | 92 (49.7%) | 117 (41.1%) | 115 (52.0%) | 94 (37.8%) | 91 (43.8%) | 118 (45.0) | 32 (48.5%) | 177 (43.8%) | 1,013 (86.9%) | 1,115 (86.8%) | 1,197 (87.7%) | 931 (85.8)% | 1,172 (88.7%) | 956 (84.7%) | 401 (88.3%) | 1,727 (86.5%) | ||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 work unit | 1.97 | 0.16 | 6.60 | 0.01 | 2.97 | 0.09 | 0.20 | 0.66 | 11.59 | 0.001 | 14.26 | <0.001 | 13.99 | <0.001 | 9.13 | 0.003 | ||||||||||||||||
| Positive | 135 (73.0%) | 224 (78.6%) | 157 (71.0%) | 202 (81.1%) | 151 (72.6%) | 208 (79.4%) | 49 (74.2%) | 310 (76.7%) | 628 (53.9%) | 779 (60.7%) | 738 (54.1%) | 669 (61.7%) | 713 (54.0%) | 694 (61.5%) | 232 (51.1%) | 1,175 (58.9%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Negative | 50 (27.0%) | 61 (21.4%) | 64 (29.0%) | 47 (18.9%) | 57 (27.4%) | 54 (20.6%) | 17 (25.8%) | 94 (23.3%) | 538 (46.1%) | 505 (39.3%) | 627 (45.9%) | 416 (38.3%) | 608 (46.0%) | 435 (38.5%) | 222 (48.9%) | 821 (41.1%) | ||||||||||||||||
The bold values indicate that the differences are statistically significant.