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. 2021 Apr 15;11:637594. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637594

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Autophagy process and principal proteins involved in the different steps. The figure shows the principal proteins required for autophagy process, the different steps of the process are described in the section “Autophagy” (initiation, nucleation, elongation, fusion with the lysosome, and cargo degradation and recycling). Figure (1) corresponds to phagophore formation that includes initiation and nucleation. (2) Autophagosome maturation includes the elongation process. (3) Autophagosome and lysosome fusion. (4) Represent the structure of the autolysosome, and (5) corresponds to degradation and recycling. In each step are indicated the main proteins required: ULK1/2 complex, LC3 I, LC3II, ATG7, ATG3, ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L, Class III Ptdlns3K, ATG9 and p62/SQSTM1. The yellow semi-circumferences and circumferences correspond to the phagosome membrane. See the main text for further details.