Table 3.
Level of concern about impact of COVID-19 on health, economic, and social well-being of age groups.
| Age group | Up to moderately concerned | Very concerned | Extremely concerned | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value | PO assumption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMPACT ON PERSONAL HEALTH | ||||||
| Impact in youth | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 81% (318) | 13% (49) | 6% (24) | 1.0 | – | 0.5705 |
| Middle-aged adults | 67% (229) | 23% (79) | 10% (35) | 2.77 (1.89-4.10) | <0.0001 | |
| Older adults | 59% (47) | 28% (22) | 13% (10) | 3.02 (1.66-5.45) | 0.0003 | |
| Impact in young adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 80% (313) | 17% (66) | 3% (12) | 1.0 | – | 0.1667 |
| Middle-aged adults | 62% (214) | 28% (96) | 10% (33) | 3.08 (2.13-4.51) | <0.0001 | |
| Older adults | 59% (47) | 35% (28) | 5% (4) | 2.02 (1.12-3.60) | 0.0177 | |
| Impact in middle age | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 46% (181) | 40% (155) | 14% (55) | 1.0 | – | 0.2811 |
| Middle-aged adults | 42% (143) | 39% (134) | 19% (66) | 1.48 (1.09-2.01) | 0.0123 | |
| Older adults | 38% (30) | 48% (38) | 14% (11) | 1.15 (0.69-1.92) | 0.5866 | |
| Impact in older adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 4% (17) | 34% (134) | 61% (240) | 1.0 | – | 0.063 |
| Middle-aged adults | 6% (21) | 25% (85) | 69% (237) | 1.40 (1.00-1.96) | 0.0524 | |
| Older adults | 11% (9) | 35% (28) | 53% (42) | 0.58 (0.34-1.02) | 0.0588 | |
| IMPACT TO ECONOMIC FUTURE | ||||||
| Impact in youth | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 74% (288) | 17% (66) | 9% (37) | 1.0 | – | 0.5421 |
| Middle-aged adults | 57% (194) | 27% (94) | 16% (55) | 2.42 (1.72-3.40) | <0.0001 | |
| Older adults | 48% (48) | 27% (21) | 25% (20) | 3.38 (1.96-5.82) | 0 | |
| Impact in young adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 33% (128) | 40% (158) | 27% (105) | 1.0 | – | 0.8748 |
| Middle-aged adults | 38% (130) | 40% (138) | 22% (75) | 0.93 (0.69-1.25) | 0.6209 | |
| Older adults | 30% (24) | 44% (35) | 25% (20) | 1.06 (0.64-1.76) | 0.8320 | |
| Impact in middle age | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 56% (218) | 33% (130) | 11% (43) | 1.0 | – | 0.4248 |
| Middle-aged adults | 37% (127) | 41% (140) | 22% (76) | 2.35 (1.73-3.21) | <0.0001 | |
| Older adults | 29% (23) | 49% (39) | 22% (17) | 2.45 (1.47-4.11) | 0.0006 | |
| Impact in older adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 71% (279) | 19% (76) | 9% (36) | 1.0 | – | 0.5132 |
| Middle-aged adults | 54% (186) | 27% (91) | 19% (66) | 2.44 (1.75-3.41) | <0.0001 | |
| Older adults | 54% (43) | 32% (25) | 14% (11) | 2.89 (1.66-5.04) | 0.0002 | |
| Social wellbeing | ||||||
| Impact in youth | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 46% (180) | 34% (132) | 20% (79) | 1.0 | – | 0.3964 |
| Middle-aged adults | 46% (157) | 31% (106) | 23% (80) | 1.17 (0.86-1.58) | 0.3202 | |
| Older adults | 47% (29) | 38% (30) | 25% (20) | 1.87 (1.12-3.13) | 0.0164 | |
| Impact in young adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 54% (211) | 29% (114) | 17% (66) | 1.0 | – | 0.8139 |
| Middle-aged adults | 53% (181) | 31% (107) | 16% (55) | 1.25 (0.92-1.71) | 0.1544 | |
| Older adults | 47% (37) | 35% (28) | 18% (14) | 1.64 (0.97-2.78) | 0.0659 | |
| Impact in middle age* | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 63% (245) | 24% (93) | 14% (53) | 1.0 | – | 0.6262 |
| Middle-aged adults | 60% (207) | 28% (96) | 12% (40) | 1.32 (0.96-1.83) | 0.0914 | |
| Older adults | 58% (46) | 27% (21) | 15% (12) | 1.49 (0.86-2.57) | 0.1559 | |
| Impact in older adults | ||||||
| Young adults (ref) | 33% (130) | 36% (142) | 30% (119) | 1.0 | – | 0.8275 |
| Middle-aged adults | 29% (98) | 36% (125) | 35% (120) | 1.56 (1.16-2.11) | 0.0035 | |
| Older adults | 38% (30) | 35% (28) | 27% (21) | 1.07 (0.64-1.78) | 0.7939 | |
Young adult as reference, OR = 1.0; Young adults = 18–34 years; Middle-aged adults = 35–64 years; Older adults = 65+ years.
*
Education control variable dropped due to convergence issues.