Table 1.
Characteristics of participants in this study.
| Variables | Non-IR (n = 33) | IR (n = 56) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 30.5 ± 4.8 | 30.6 ± 3.4 | 0.95 |
| Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) | 20.9 ± 2.0 | 22.2 ± 2.6 | 0.009* |
| <18.5 | 6 (18) b | 5 (9) | 0.34 |
| 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 | 24 (73) | 37 (66) | 0.68 |
| 24 ≤ BMI < 28 | 3 (9) | 14 (25) | 0.12 |
| Waist circumstance (cm) | 66.0 ± 2.2 | 65.9 ± 2.6 | 0.92 |
| Education | |||
| Illiterate | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NEc |
| High school or lower | 7 (21) | 9 (16) | 0.75 |
| College | 23 (70) | 45 (80) | 0.38 |
| Postgraduate or higher | 3 (9) | 2 (4) | 0.54 |
| History of smoking | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| History of drinking | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| History of diabetes | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | 0.72 |
| History of hypertension | 0 (0) | 3 (5) | 0.46 |
| Virus | |||
| HIV+ | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| HPV+ | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.79 |
| Syphilis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Antibody | |||
| Anticardiolipin antibody (IgA, IgM, IgG) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Anti DNA antibody (single- and double- stranded) |
0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Anti ENA (extractable nuclear antigen, 7 subtypes) antibody |
0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein antibody (Ig, IgG) |
0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Irregular antibody | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Medical history | |||
| Endometriosis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Uterine fibroids | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.26 |
| Endometrial polyps | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
| Intrauterine adhesion | 2 (6) | 2 (4) | 0.99 |
| Ovarian cysts | 0 (0) | 0(0) | NE |
| Pelvic inflammation | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NE |
a.Data are presented as mean ± SD. b.Data are presented as n (%). c.NE, not estimable (due to nullity of category in both groups). Pelvic inflammation means Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases, including endometritis, salpingitis, and chronic pelvic inflammation.