TABLE 1.

Representative E3 ligase involved in non-platinum anti-cancer drug resistance.

Classification	Drug	Cancer	E3 ligase	Mechanism	Role	Ref
Plants	Taxol	NSCLC	FBXW7	FBXW7/MCL1/PLK1	Sensitive	Gasca et al. (2016)
		GC	FBXW7	MiR-363/FBXW7	Sensitive	Su et al. (2011)
		BC/OC/NPC	FBXW11	FBXW11/E1A/FOXO3	Resistance	Yang et al. (2016)
		NSCLC	Pirh2	Pirh2/p53	Resistance	Bian et al. (2020)
		BC	Parkin	Microtubule assembly/stabilization	Sensitive	Kim et al. (2015)
		Melanoma	SIAH2	miR-335/SIAH2/HDAC3	Resistance	Lukenbill and Kalaycio (2013)
	Docetaxel	PC	EDD	Wnt/β-Catenin	Resistance	Becker et al. (2008)
			SPOP	SPOP/Caprin	Sensitive	Wang et al. (2009)
	Camptothecin	CRC	HAUSP	p53/Mdm2	Sensitive	Shi et al. (2019)
Anti-metabolite	Fludarabine	HCC	COP1	COP1/p53-brn-3a/Bcl-2	Sensitive	Longley et al. (2003)
	5-Fluorouracil	BC	Skp2	Skp2/p27Kip1	Resistance	Kadera et al. (2015)
		PDACs	CBL	CBL/EGFR	Sensitive	Liang et al. (2019)
		CRC	TRIM47	TRIM47/SMAD4	Resistance	Fang et al. (2015)
			FBXW7	FBXW7/CRY2	Sensitive	Kalluri, (2016)
			RBCK1	Microenvironment/CAF	Resistance	Mini et al. (2006)
	Gemcitabine	PCC	FBXW7	FBW7/ENT1	Sensitive	Zhang et al. (2015)
			SMURF2	miR-15b/SMURF2/EMT	Sensitive	Yu et al. (2018)
			TRIM31	TRIM31/TRAF2/NF-κB	Sensitive	Hung et al. (2015)
		NSCLC	Cul4A	Cul4A/TGFβ1	Resistance	Asselin and Rizzari (2015)
	Asparaginase	Leukemias	FBXW7	Wnt pathway	Sensitive	Bhatt et al. (2017)
Alkylating	Temozolomide	GBM	HERC3	HERC3/SMAD7/TGFβ1	Resistance	Ko et al. (2018)
		GBM	MDM2	MDM2/NCL/HDAC	Resistance	Kamran et al. (2017)
Antibiotics	Doxorubicin	GC	FBXL7	AURKA/FBXL7/Survivin	Sensitive	Kamran et al. (2017)
		CRC	FBXO15	FBXO15/P-gp/mdr	Sensitive	Long et al. (2019)
		HCC	CUL2	CUL2/MAF-1	Resistance	Cheteh et al. (2020)
		HCC	FBXW7	FBXW7/HSF1/MDR1	Sensitive	Lin and Yamazaki, (2003)
		HCC	SIAH1	SIAH1/Zeb1/EMT	Resistance	Lee et al. (2016)
		Lymphoma	TRAF6	SMO/TRAF6	Resistance	Gelsomino et al., 2013)
		Colon cancer	Trc8	Trc8/HMGCoAR/MDR	Resistance	Xiao et al. (2017)
		Osteosarcoma	ZNRF2	miR-100/ZNRF2	Resistance	Qin et al. (2016)
		NSCLC	TRIM25	TRIM25/p53	Resistance	Wang et al. (2019)
		PC/BC	MDM2	FKBP12/MDM2/p53	Resistance	Xu et al. (2017)
	Adriamycin	BC/GC	Cbl-b	Cbl-b/EGFR/Akt-miR-200c-ZEB1 axis	Resistance	X CH et al. (2017); Zhang et al. (2015); Waks and Winer (2019)
Endocrine	Enzalutamide/abiraterone	PC	STUB1	STUB1/ar/ar-v7/HSP70	Resistance	Rulina et al. (2016)
		PC	Cullin-RING	AR–ERG/Wnt/β-catenin pathway/NF-κB pathway	Resistance	Li et al. (2017)
	Enzalutamide	PC	AMFR	11b-HSD2/cortisol	Resistance	Jordan (2003)
	Tamoxifen	BC	TRIM2	Bim/cleaved PARP/caspase 3	Resistance	Wang et al. (2017)
			HRD1	S100A8/HRD1	Sensitive	Donley et al. (2014)
			RBCK1	RBCK1/FKBPL/ERa	Resistance	Yin et al. (2019)
			FBXW2	FBXW2/Sox2	Sensitive	Yan et al. (2011)
			c-Cbl	c-Cbl/c-src/AKT	Resistance	Interiano et al. (2014)
			SIAH2	SIAH2/ER-a	Sensitive	Baccarani et al. (2019)
Targeted drugs	Imatinib	CML	c-Cbl	TGFβ/c-cbl/Lyn kinase activity	Resistance	Han et al. (2019)
			TRAF6	TRAF6/ULK1	Sensitive	Bigenzahn et al. (2018)
	Imatinib/rebastinib	CML	LZTR1	LZTR1/RAS/MAPK pathway	Sensitive	Scott et al. (2016)
	Bortezomib	MM	NEDD4-1	NEDD4-1/AKT	Sensitive	Hirosawa et al. (2018); Hirosawa et al. (2018)
			DTX3L	Cleaved PARP/caspase 3	Resistance	Malek et al. (2017)
			Skp2	Cullin-1/Commd1/caspase 3	Resistance	Huang et al. (2020)
	Lapatinib	BC/GC	c-Cbl/CHIP	HER2 degration	Sensitive	Nunes et al. (2016); Chan et al. (2012)
	Trastuzumab	BC	Skp2	AKT/Glut1/glucose uptake/glycolysis	Resistance	Kurokawa et al. (2013)
		GC	FBXW7	miR-223/FBXW7	Resistance	Pandya et al. (2016)
		BC	Mindbomb-1	Mindbomb-1/Jagged-1/Notch activation	Resistance	Kim and Myung (2018)
	Lapatinib	BC	MDM2	P53	Resistance	Eto et al. (2015)
	Erlotinib	NSCLC	RNF146	RNF146/Hippo-YAP pathway	Resistance	Hidayat et al. (2019)
	Gefitinib	NSCLC	FBXW7	FBXW7/c-MYC	Resistance	Yu et al. (2016)
	Cetuximab	GC	Cbl-b	Cbl-b/EGFR	Resistance	Tong et al. (2017)
	Sorafenib	HCC	FBXW8	Nanog/CSCs	Resistance	Dai et al. (2017)
	JQ1/I-BET	PC	Cullin-3SPOP	Cullin-3SPOP/BET	Resistance	Janouskova et al. (2017); Kuske et al. (2018)
	BRAFi/MEKi	Melanoma	RNF44	AMPK-α1/autophagy/metabolic	Resistance	Marzio et al. (2019)
	PARP inhibitors	BC	FBXO5	SCF complex/RAD51	Sensitive	Zhao et al. (2020)