Figure 4.

Treatment of arthritic rats with TCE reduces the frequency of IL-17 and IFN-γ double-producing cells. Spleen cells (a) and synovial-infiltrating cells (SIC) (b) were prepared from TCE-fed and control arthritic rats (n = 3 each), on day 19 after Mtb immunization. These cells were then stimulated with PMA and ionomycin for 6 h, followed by staining for CD3, CD4, IL-17, and IFN-γ. The cells were analyzed by flow cytometry for IL-17- and/or IFN-γ-expressing CD4+ T cells (*, P <0.05, when comparing TCE and control samples).