Table 2.
Ungdata Survey: Baseline characteristics (percentales and 95%CI) of adolescents aged 13–19 years in 2017–2019, according to depressive symptoms and gender
| Variables | Total (n = 241,730) | Boys (n = 116,780) | Girls (n = 121,583) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low level of depressive symptoms (n = 187,857) | High level of depressive symptoms (n = 53,873) | Low level of depressive symptoms (n = 101,105) | High level of depressive symptoms (n = 14,232) | Low level of depressive symptoms (n = 82,353) | High level of depressive symptoms (n = 38,254) | |
| Lifestyle habits | ||||||
| Physical activity level | ||||||
| ≥ 3 times a week | 59.3 (59.1–59.5) | 47.8 (47.4–48.3) | 62.7 (62.4–63.0) | 54.3 (53.5–55.1) | 55.0 (54.7–55.4) | 45.5 (45.0–46.0) |
| Social media use | ||||||
| ≤ 3 h per day | 77.8 (77.6–77.9) | 59.0 (58.6–59.4) | 84.5 (84.3–84.7) | 71.6 (70.9–72.4) | 69.7 (69.4–70.0) | 54.4 (53.9–54.9) |
| Gaming | ||||||
| ≤ 3 h per day | 81.9 (81.7–82.0) | 79.7 (79.4–80.1) | 74.1 (73.8–74.3) | 63.3 (62.5–64.1) | 91.3 (91.1–91.5) | 85.7 (85.4–86.1) |
| Smoking | ||||||
| No current use | 90.7 (90.6–90.9) | 81.6 (81.2–81.9) | 88.5 (88.3–88.7) | 75.4 (74.7–76.1) | 93.5 (93.3–93.7) | 84.0 (83.6–84.4) |
| Smokeless tobacco | ||||||
| No current use | 89.7 (89.6–89.9) | 80.7 (80.4–81.0) | 87.8 (87.6–88.0) | 76.0 (75.3–76.7) | 92.3 (92.1–92.4) | 82.6 (82.3–83.0) |
| Alcohol intoxication (previous 12 months) | ||||||
| No intoxication episodes | 71.6 (71.4–71.8) | 53.4 (52.9–53.8) | 71.0 (70.7–71.2) | 52.8 (51.0–52.6) | 72.8 (72.5–73.1) | 54.2 (53.7–54.7) |
| Diet and beverage consumption | ||||||
| Vegetables | ||||||
| Once a day or more | 29.7 (29.5–29.9) | 28.5 (28.1–28.9) | 24.7 (24.5–25.0) | 22.4 (21.7–23.1) | 35.8 (35.4–36.1) | 30.8 (30.3–31.3) |
| Fruit | ||||||
| Once a day or more | 27.2 (27.0–27.4) | 24.8 (24.5–25.2) | 21.5 (21.2–21.7) | 17.8 (17.2–18.4) | 34.2 (33.9–34.6) | 27.3 (26.9–27.8) |
| Whole grain bread | ||||||
| Once a day or more | 32.5 (33.3–32.7) | 25.7 (25.4–26.1) | 32.6 (32.4–32.9) | 27.5 (26.7–28.2) | 32.3 (32.0–32.6) | 25.1 (24.7–25.6) |
| Fish | ||||||
| Once a week or more | 79.0 (78.8–79.2) | 71.1 (70.7–71.5) | 79.8 (78.6–79.1) | 72.7 (70.9–72.4) | 79.3 (79.0–79.5) | 70.8 (70.4–71.3) |
| Salty snacks | ||||||
| < 4–6 times a week | 93.9 (93.8–94.1) | 89.3 (89.1–89.6) | 93.3 (93.2–93.5) | 86.6 (86.1–87.2) | 94.7 (94.6–94.9) | 90.3 (90.0–90.6) |
| Candy | ||||||
| < 4–6 times a week | 91.8 (91.7–91.9) | 85.8 (85.5–86.1) | 92.5 (92.3–92.7) | 86.2 (85.6–86.7) | 90.9 (90.7–91.1) | 85.7 (85.3–86.0) |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages | ||||||
| < 4–6 times a week | 79.4 (79.2–79.6) | 73.4 (73.0–73.8) | 76.0 (75.8–76.3) | 66.6 (65.8–67.4) | 83.6 (83.3–83.8) | 75.9 (75.5–76.3) |
| Diet beverages | ||||||
| < 4–6 times a week | 89.2 (89.1–89.3) | 84.0 (83.7–84.4) | 88.5 (88.3–88.7) | 82.5 (81.8–83.1) | 90.0 (89.8–90.2) | 84.6 (84.3–85.0) |
| Energy drinks | ||||||
| < 4–6 times a week | 93.5 (93.4–93.6) | 89.1 (88.9–89.4) | 90.4 (90.2–90.6) | 80.4 (79.8–81.1) | 97.3 (97.2–97.5) | 92.4 (92.1–92.6) |
| Perceived family economy | ||||||
| Good economy | 81.2 (81.0–81.4) | 64.2 (63.8–64.7) | 82.2 (81.9–82.4) | 65.4 (64.7–66.2) | 80.1 (79.8–80.4) | 64.9 (63.4–64.4) |
| Nor bad or good | 15.2 (15.1–15.4) | 24.2 (23.9–24.6) | 14.2 (14.0–14.4) | 21.9 (21.2–22.6) | 16.4 (16.1–16.6) | 25.0 (24.6–25.4) |
| Bad economy | 3.6 (3.5–3.7) | 11.5 (11.3–11.8) | 3.6 (3.5–3.7) | 12.7 (12.1–13.2) | 3.5 (3.4–3.7) | 11.1 (10.8–11.4) |
| Grade | ||||||
| 8 | 21.4 (21.3–21.6) | 11.5 (11.3–11.8) | 20.7 (20.5–21.0) | 11.4 (10.8–11.9) | 22.5 (22.2–22.8) | 11.7 (11.3–12.0) |
| 9 | 19.3 (19.2–19.5) | 16.5 (16.2–16.8) | 19.4 (19.2–19.7) | 15.5 (14.9–16.1) | 19.3 (19.1–19.6) | 16.9 (16.6–17.3) |
| 10 | 18.1 (18.0–18.3) | 19.8 (19.5–20.1) | 18.4 (18.1–18.6) | 19.6 (19.0–20.3) | 17.7 (17.4–18.0) | 19.8 (19.4–20.2) |
| 11 | 18.3 (18.1–18.4) | 21.5 (21.1–21.8) | 18.8 (18.6–19.1) | 22.4 (21.7–23.1) | 17.4 (17.2–17.7) | 20.1 (20.7–21.5) |
| 12 | 14.3 (14.2–14.5) | 17.7 (17.4–18.1) | 14.8 (14.6–15.1) | 18.8 (18.2–19.5) | 13.7 (13.5–13.9) | 17.4 (17.0–17.8) |
| 13 | 8.5 (8.4–8.6) | 13.0 (12.7–13.2) | 7.8 (7.6–8.0) | 12.3 (11.8–12.8) | 9.3 (9.1–9.5) | 13.2 (12.8–13.5) |
| Parents higher education | ||||||
| Boths parents | 61.5 (61.3–61.7) | 53.7 (53.2–54.1) | 60.6 (60.3–61.0) | 53.6 (52.7–54.4) | 62.6 (62.3–63.0) | 53.7 (53.2–54.2) |
| One of the parents | 21.4 (21.2–21.6) | 24.9 (24.5–25.3) | 21.7 (21.4–22.0) | 24.4 (23.7–25.2) | 21.0 (20.7–21.3) | 25.1 (24.6–25.6) |
| None of the parents | 17.1 (16.9–17.3) | 21.5 (21.1–21.8) | 17.7 (17.4–17.9) | 22.0 (21.3–22.7) | 16.4 (16.1–16.7) | 21.2 (20.8–21.7) |
High level of depressive symptoms coded as ≥80th percentiles and low level of depressive symptoms coded as <80th percentiles