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. 2021 Apr 28;19:178. doi: 10.1186/s12967-021-02843-0

Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies

Author(s) Year Sample size Injury level (C/T/L) Treatment/control M/F Age (years) ASIA(A/B/C/D) Duration Cell source Way of transplantation Cell number Transplantation times Follow up (months) Outcomes
Song et al. [17] 2020 36 10/4/4 18/18 12/6 41.2 ± 2.3 – – Auto, bone marrow IT 2.0 × 107 2 12 ①②④
11/5/2 10/8 41.7 ± 2.1
Zhang et al. [18] 2019 100 0/42/8 50/50 30/20 41.26 ± 9.74 0/16/20/14 6.55 ± 2.43 h Allo, umbilical cord IT (3–4) × 107/ml 4–6 3,6,12 ①②④⑤
0/44/6 28/22 42.89 ± 10.30 0/15/22/13 6.80 ± 2.66 h
Tang et al. [19] 2016 60 0/13/17 30/30 21/9 38.2 ± 6.7 – – Auto, bone marrow IT 1 × 106 1 12.4 ± 2.3 ①②③
0/14/16  20/10 37.9 ± 7.2
Zhang et al. [20] 2015 30 10/5/0 15/15 11/4 35.5 ± 8.3 9/3/3/0 21.3 ± 5.7 months Allo, umbilical cord IL 8 × 107 2 6 ①②④
10/5/0  11/4 35.7 ± 8.3 – 19.7 ± 7.6 months
Zhang et al. [21] 2015 100 – 50/50 16/34 36.4 ± 1.9 – – Auto, bone marrow – (2–4) × 102 /kg – 6 ①②③
15/35 37.3 ± 2.0
Cheng et al. [22] 2014 20 – 10/10 – 35.30 ± 8.23 10/0/0/0 21.40 ± 12.96 months Allo, umbilical cord IL 4 × 107 2 6 ①②③④
36.64 ± 9.90 10/0/0/0 18.57 ± 11.35 months
El-kheir et al. [23] 2014 70 10/40/0 50/20 61/9 16–45 15/35/0/0 18.3 ± 5.0 months Auto, bone marrow IT 2 × 106 cells/kg – 18 ①②⑤
7/13/0 10/10/0/0
Guo et al. [24] 2014 80 17/3/20 40/40 30/10 36.4 ± 1.9 –  > 1 month Auto, bone marrow IL (2–4) × 102/kg 2 3 ①②③④
13/3/24 33/7 37.3 ± 2.0
Xiao et al. [25] 2014 64 7/12/16 35/29 23/12 42.8 ± 10.2 – 22.7 ± 5.4 days Auto, bone marrow IT (8.47 ± 3.54) × 107 2 6 ①②④
6/10/13 19/10 41.4 ± 10.5
Dai et al. [26] 2013 40 20/0/0 20/20 14/6 34.7 ± 8.9 20/0/0/0 51.9 ± 18.3 months Auto, bone marrow IL 8 × 105 1 6 ①②④⑤
20/0/0 14/6 35.1 ± 8.0 20/0/0/0 43.2 ± 15.3 months
Xiao et al. [27] 2012 96 7/15/16 (IT) 38/32/26 25/13 42.3 ± 10.2 – 25.2 ± 6.7 days Auto, bone marrow IT and IV (13.58 ± 4.62) × 106 1 6 ①②④
6/12/14(IV) 21/11 41.5 ± 10.7 (13.58 ± 4.62) × 106
5/9/12 (Re) 17/09 41.2 ± 10.6
Guo et al. [28] 2012 24 – 12/12 11/1 29 – 2.3–2.5 months Allo, umbilical cord IT (2–5) × 107 4 6 ①②③
10/2 31
Dai et al. [29] 2012 23 10/11/2 15/8 (Auto/Allo) 16/7 28.22 ± 16.19 – 1–72 months Auto, bone marrow IT 1–1.5 × 108↑ 4–6 3 ①②
Allo, umbilical cord
Zhang et al. [30] 2012 60 12/20/28 30/30 50/10 32.5 ± 4.2 – 1–10 months Allo, umbilical cord IV 3 × 108 1 3 ①②③④
Li [31] 2012 30 5/8/1 14/15 11/3 37.36 ± 11.06 8/4/3/0 1 month–9 years Allo, umbilical cord IV and IT 5 × 107 – 4 ①②③④
4/10/1 10/5 37.67 ± 11.84 7/4/4/0
Kishk et al. [32] 2010 64 6/37/0 43/20 36/7 31.7 ± 10.4 – 3.6 ± 2.5 years Auto, bone marrow IT 3.75 × 108 to 6 6 ①②④⑤
2/18/0 15/5 33.8 ± 11.8 3.7 ± 2.1 years 7.5 × 108
Abdelaziz et al. [33] 2010 30 0/20/0 20/10 18/2 6.0–52.0 – 27.2 months Auto, bone marrow IL 5 million cells/kg 6 12 ④⑤
0/10/0 07/3 6.0–64.0
Xie et al. [34] 2007 24 2/4/5 11/13 9/2 18.0–49.0 8/0/1/2 1–12 months Auto, bone marrow IT or IV (4.87–8.8) × 107 3 3 ①③④⑤
3/4/6 10/3 21.0–53.0 9/1/2/1

C/T/L: cervical/thoracic/lumbar spinal cord; M/F, male/female; Auto, autologous mesenchymal stem cells; Allo, allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells; Re, rehabilitation; IT, intrathecal injection; IL, intralesional injection; IV, intravenous injection; Re, rehabilitation. ① American Spinal Injury Association Motor Score, ② American Spinal Injury Association Sensory Score, ③ Barthel index, ④adverse reactions, ⑤ASIA grade improvement